Extracted with Notes by Larry D. Christiansen

[INTRODUCTION: Titles of articles will be in quotes, as will be their use within the article, there will be some corrections of spelling errors but bear in mind the following: they often used the old English spelling on words such as programme, threatre, calibre, and they often deliberately did not capitalize the first letter of some words such as christian, christianity,hoping to make a point or distinction. Many, if not most, of the misspellings dealt with double letters either used on not used (travelling) or substituting the wrong vowel ("i" for an "e" or visa versa, such as despatches). They used word structures common at the time (pic-nic, to-day) They used three ways to write canyon (kanyon, cañon), used words with Biblical endings such as "exalteth," editors’ words with unusual ending, or Mormon type words such as "superintendency," etc., not found in Webster’s Dictionary. The newspaper, when it had a series of short statements or articles, frequently capitalized a word or more at the beginning to draw the reader’s attention before returning to small type for the remainder, i.e., "NOW THAT we have had such good rains . . . ; THERE IS very little sickness at . . . ." The editors and writers of this newspaper frequently composed long sentences with many commas and it appears they never saw a semicolon they didn’t like. The range of items covered was numerous, ranging from individual names, missionaries, accidents, obituaries, dogs, taxes, diseases, a bicycle , a monster, problems with fencing, getting wood from the canyons, sheep grazing and the activities of the co-operative institutions along with the weather. The central feature throughout will be the contentious relationships with anti-Mormon persons and groups. In that mixture will be some jewels such as the Bear Lake missionary arriving at his field of labor in Alabama perplexed with all the trees and straining his eyes for several day "trying to see a mountain." (Nov. 13, 1880)]

NOTE: The following device -- {* see the following references.}--will be used on occasion to draw attention to other materials related to the topic or issue just covered. Oct. 30, 1880 - p. 2 under "The 'Enterprise.'"

When it came to the country and proposed to establish itself in Oxford, it made as honest, fair and liberal pretensions as any newspaper could be expected to do; and with this prospectus in its pocket, and no funds in its breeches it started out among the 'Mormon" community soliciting patronage and subscriptions. Being, qualifiedly, endorsed by S. S. Fennour then Delegate, whom it now denounced as it does all who have helped it, to whom it had morally obligated itself as to its course, it met with friendship and assistance without stint, among the 'Mormons.' Like Hell, it was paved with good intentions, and many of the people were fools enough to believe with the assistance it was receiving that there was manhood enough in it to have at least some little gratitude. But no sooner did it get the ground donated on which to erect its building and the necessary funds donated for the material and the amount requisite on advertisements and subscriptions, than it began a tirade of abuse against the very ones in the main who had been instrumental in giving it a breathing existence. It abused the Mormons at one time unmercifully because they saw fit to use their own means to assist in building a Temple at Logan in the interest of their own peculiar views, while at the same time the very lumber and shingles donated by those same Mormons were keeping it and associates from the inclemency of the weather, and furnishing it with the necessary comforts of life on which to subsist while vilifying its benefactors. This has been its course not only with the Mormon portion of its patrons, but with the majority of its Gentile supporters, and now we are constrained to say to one and all (with the exception of its own kind) let them severely along. You have now a paper in Southern Idaho that will defend your rights and not abuse your trusts, and to it you may look for support and its columns will always be open to you for a fair statement of your grievances. Nothing but the most glaring falsehoods in the 'Enterprise' now fill its columns, and those whose interests are thus invaded pursue a suicidal course in giving it either the support of their means or the tacit acknowledgement of their compliments. Its circulation, like the blood of its soul, only strikes a small heart that can only throb as it beats against and irritates some larger and more noble substance; and like the propelling portion of some machinery, the greater its velocity the greater will be the wear on the gudgeons and consequent early suspension of the whole aparatus [sic].

The subject has many interesting points on which we have not space to expatiate at this time but will continue hereafter. We asked Oneida County to give it some consideration--Bear Lake has already made up its mind. --The Bear Lake Democrat, Oct. 30, 1880.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Oct. 30, 1880 - p. 3 under "COMMUNICATED."

PARIS, BEAR LAKE CO., IDAHO / October 19, 1880.

Messrs. Editors--

In the first place I wish your Paper a valuable and continued success, and hope through it's [sic- its] columns to be instructed from time, on important subjects; in which all the people of southern Idaho are interested.One of those subjects I wish at present to bring to your particular notice; that is the POLL TAX LAW of this Territory--Indeed the said LAW has become odious--The very name of POLL TAX causes a thrill of "righteous indignation" to pass through the mind of every intelligent American citizen, and particularly it is odious to those that hail here from the shores of Britain, and when they are called upon by the officer, whose duty it is to collect tax, they pause and think and finally ask the startling question--Are we retrograding or are we blind? --Are the days and deeds of a WAT TYLER [leader of the English Peasant’s Revolt of 1381] to be repeated? –Such an odious law, brought about that terrible rebellion in the reign of RICHARD 2nd of England. And indeed it is remarkable the deference for such a law then, as now, is, "we much have a revenue!" Messrs. Editors, is there no other way in "Free America" to raise an honest revenue, but by resorting to dishonest, obsolete laws. I think there is; let our next Legislature of Idaho attend to this matter, whether Republican or Democrat, and repeal the "odious thing" and cast it out of their Statute book; for it is a disgrace to the Legislature that enacted it. Indeed we are not Chinamen nor Heathens that our heads should be taxed, but we are "Free born Christians" and subjects of UNCLE SAM, and are willing to be governed by free and intelligent laws--More a-non.

Yours Respectfully, SPARKS FROM THE ANVIL.

{* see taxes - Nov. 27, 1880, Dec. 11, 1880, Jan. 29, 1881, Mar. 19, 1881, Mar. 26, 1881, June 4, 1881, June 11, 1881, July 9, 1881, July 16, 1881, Oct. 29, 1881, Dec. 10, 1881.}

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Oct. 30, 1880 - p. 3 under "COMMUNICATED." PARIS, Oct. 28, 1880.

Messrs. Editors:

As the DEMOCRAT is running a general "intelligence office" and wishes to know why H. S. Woolley's house is partially in mourning. I take great pleasure in informing that journal, that the most probable reasons is that Indiana and Ohio have gone Republican; and when the November election comes off, the other half, with the whole town, will put on the weeds, while the DEMOCRAT will wear a pair of moist eyes. If Indiana and Ohio had gone democratic, in all probability, you would of heard the news through your neighbors, and then there would have gone up such a howl of exultation, that a Republican lamb would have stood a mighty poor show in the same fold with the courageous Polar Bear--Lake Democrat.

. . . And finally, it means four years more of unexampled prosperity, under Garfield's administration.

With the best wished of the writer for the success of your interesting journal, I remain yours, &c. OLD SOLDIER.

P.S.-- We feel under lasting obligation to the DEMOCRAT for its liberal offer to insert in its columns the death of any of its Republican friends; but as this is a healthy country; no snakes, and the whiskey all in the hands of the Democrats, no such insertion will be needed.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nov. 6, 1880 - P. 2 UNDER "Special Dispatches. SALT LAKE, 4.

C. C. Rich-- Garfield elected by heavy majority, Democrats badly beaten. W. B. DOUGALL, JAMES A. GARFIELD

By reference to our telegraphic special it will be see that James A. Garfield, the Credit Mobilier candidate of the Republican party has has [sic] been overwhelmingly elected President of the United States for the term of four years, commencing March 4th, 1881. This opens up a new phase in American politics, and shows the downward drift of public sentiment. Heretofore it has been considered almost an impossibility for any man to gain the exalted position once occupied by Washington, without a spotless private character. Now it is proven that a man can lie, swindle, perjure himself and indirectly steal; have it all proven beyond the peradventure of a doubt and still attain to the first position in the Government. A few more Presidential campaigns, and the question of character in the candidates, will be entirely ignored and a premium on rascality established in its place, and the sooner the time comes the better, for in all human probability when that time does arrive the Democrats will be able to trot out a candidate that will be elected. Of course we are disappointed, we acknowledge the defeat . . . . We have thoroughly made up our mind to stay our stomachs on thin soup for the next four years. The crow of Republican roosters will wake up plenty in the early morning. . . .
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nov. 6, 1880 - P. 2 under "BEAR LAKE VALLEY."

Bear Lake Valley is capable of sustaining twenty-five thousand inhabitants, whereas at present we have only about four thousand. Land and water is abundant requiring only the hand of patient industry to convert the unbroken plains into immense fields of grain band vegetables and provide every want of man and beast. Our ranges for stock are inexhaustible during the summer months and probably there is more natural hay land in this valley than any other of like size in the mountains, to say nothing of the hay that might be produced by a little labor. In the settlements of Paris, Liberty, Ovid, Montpelier, Preston, Bennington and Georgetown it is safe to say that the stands of acres of good farming land awaits the plough of the husbandmen, inviting the honest toiler to come and build himself a comfortable home. The lands are nearly all surveyed by Government and can be entered under the Pre-emption, Homestead, Desert or Timber Culture acts. In the older settled parts of the mountains are a great many people who have no lands of their own, many young men who should now be looking after places where they can settle down and make a beginning for a permanent abiding place and to all such we can say come, there is room here for thousands, the best of water, land, timber and all the facilities in the rough from which to hew a good and honest living. Our climate to be sure is cold, our winters long; but when one prepares for these they give ample time for study, and many things can be done during the winter months that will lighten the labors of the summer. We have proven that most excellent grain and cereals can be raised in Bear Lake Valley--unless it be an exceptional cold season as the last. In such cases sufficient should be laid away to cover such emergencies. Stock always command cash and there is no easier and safer place to raise it than here.

Then we say to the homeless come and be one with us and help build up our valley.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nov. 6, 1880 - P. 2 under "Good News For The Poor."

Prest. John Taylor has advised the Stake Presidency, that ten of the 300 cows, and sixty-six of the 2,000 sheep donated by the Church at the April Conference have been apportioned to the Bear Lake Stake; and has given instructions to said Presidency and the Bishops, to see that this donation, also that made by the several Wards of this Stake, be judiciously and impartially given to the worthy poor.
- - - -
FOR SALE.--I have 400 tons of good Hay which I will sell at a fair price, or will take from 100 to 200 head of beef cattle to feed for the winter. Apply to J. C. Rich.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nov. 13, 1880 - p. 2 under "Election Returns for Bear Lake County.

Nov. 2, 1880.
Rec'd Votes.
For Delegate in Congress - Geo. Ainslie 418
For District Attorney -Willard Crawford 417
For Dist. Att'y - C. Bennett 1
For Member of Legislative Council, Wm. Budge 415
W. Rich 1
For Member of House of Representatives, J. H. Hart 416
J. C. Rich 416
For County Commissioners, Charles C. Rich 416
C. B. Robeson 416
Jna. H. Hunt 413
U. M. Pugmire 1
E. A. Williams 1
A. Sparks 1
For Auditor and Recorder - J. C. Rich 416
For Sheriff - C. Wallantine 415
G. B. Spencer 1
For Treasurer -J. U. Stucki 415
T. Ennin 1
For Probate Judge - Geor. Osmond 416
For Assessor - L. B. Hunt 411
D. Jacobs 1
G. B. Spencer 3
For Surveyor -E. N. Austin 416
For Coroner - Leonard Floyd 416
For Justice of Peace, St. Charles- L. B. Hunt 41
For Constable, St. Charles Prec. -Swan Arnell 41
For J. of P., Montpelier Prec. -D. Osborne 105
For Constable, Montpelier - J. M. Davis 96
John Bagley 8
Jno. H. Hancock 1
For Constable , Paris Prec. -John Welker 270
For J. of P., Paris Prec. - J. U. Stucki 269
T. Ennis 1
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nov. 13, 1880 - p. 3 under "Communicated."

VERNON, Lamar Co. Ala., / Oct. 24, 1880.

Editors Democrat:

I left Salt Lake City on the 12th inst., for the purpose of filling a mission in the Southern States, in company with forty-nine other Elders, bound of different parts of the Globe. After we left Ogden we were soon rolling over the U.P.R.R., up the canyons with great rapidity. We beheld on every hand the beautiful mountain scenery, as we glided swiftly by, leaving our homes, friends and country, so near and dear to us, behind, for the purpose of preaching the great and glorious truths revealed in these the last days, for the salvation of those who will believe and obey the same, to the inhabitants of the earth, who are now groping in darkness to find the light. We passed over the highest point of the U.P.R.R., which is at Sherman, on the 13th, the altitude being 8242 feet and thence down over the Laramie Plains, upon which we saw hundreds of Antelope grazing near the track, not appearing to apprehend any danger whatever, but wishing, from appearance, to remain friendly.

We arrived at Council Bluffs on the evening of the 14th inst. Here our party divided, thirty-two of which took the train for Chicago and the remaining fourteen, bound for the Southern States, took passage for St. Louis, the distance of 483 miles, which we traveled at the rate of forty miles per hour, being roughly jerked to almost the end of our conscience, by the stopping and starting of the train. This rough experience was ended on the morning of the 14th, by being ushered into the great city of St. Louis. We put up at the St. James Hotel where we were courteously received by the proprietor, Mr. Thomas P. Miller, well known in Bear Lake, who reduced our fare on account of our being missionaries from Utah. We had not been at this place long before we were visited by two reporters who seemed to view us with an eye of suspicion, thinking our mission to be a political one. They scanned us closely, through their political spectacles and asked us many questions of a political nature. They want to know if we were settling the State of Colorado for the purpose of carrying the State Democratic in the presidential election and we frankly told them we were not. They gave a very favorable report of our remarks in the press under the headings of "Polygamous Apostles," and "Salvation for the South."

We visited the business part of the city, and the great bridge extending from the State of Missouri across the Mississippi river to the State of Illinois; also the Zoological Gardens, where we saw the "Sacred Ox" from India among many other animals which I have not time to describe. Fourteen of the brethren left for their different fields of labor on the morning of the 16th, leaving Elders Robertson, McClenahan and myself behind. In the evening we left for Columbus, Miss., arriving on the evening of the 17th. Next day we went to Vernon, Ala., to Mr. J. Holladay's, who is a friend to the cause of truth and who made us welcome. Here we met Elder Bliss who is a young man well calculated to gain friends wherever he goes. Since our arrival we have been introduced to a great many warm friends by Brother Bliss and have held two meetings which were well attended.

This country is broken and heavy timbered which continually reminds me of traveling in the canyons, although I have strained my eyes, for several days, trying to see a mountain. The climate is warm. The crops have not been very good this year on account of too much wet weather in the wrong season.

Promising to write you again at some future period, I will close. Sending my love to all, I remain, as ever, your Brother.
ADAM WILCOX.

{* see Adam Wilcox - April 2, 1881; July 23, 1881;Aug. 27, 1881.}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nov.20, 1880 - p.3 under "Surprise Party."

SURPRISE PARTY:--Mr. Walter Hoge strayed away from home on last Thursday it being his birth-day, and his estimable wife felt very bad about it, and manifested her feelings by fixing up one of the biggest and squarest meals that Bear Lake people ever tackled. Mr. Hoge came home about the time the table was fully loaded, and wanted to know whose "Prodigal Son" had got back, and whose cow had lost her calf. He was informed by about fifty of his friends present, that they had clubbed together and proposed cleaning him out in the most effectual way, by gormandizing themselves at his expense. When Mr. Hoge fully realized the situation, he flew into a violent rage, ejaculated:

"Now I lay me down to sleep."

passed around the beer, and announced that magic classic term "Grab Pile," which contains more real moving music than any other in the language. We need not add that full justice was done at the table, everything went off pleasantly with the single exception that Bro. Thomas W. Horsley, after eating eight or nine last spring chickens, complained of a pain in his stomach, and as his stomach extended over his entire body, it was a serious and no small affair, but the prompt presence of mind and actions of Bro. James Nye in procuring one of William Bird's stomach pumps, soon brought the required relief, and at 11:30 p.m. the row adjourned, and the happy family were left in a condition to be place in the hands of  the Female Relief Society. --The Bear Lake Democrat, Nov. 20, 1880.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nov. 27, 1880 - p.2 "TYPOGRAPHICAL IDIOSTYNCRASIES!"

The Future Abodes of Perverse Editors.

Our friend Bacon of the Boise Republican has given us an extended notice in which he berates the DEMOCRAT typos over our editorial shoulders for misspelling the name Bellard. Now the Printer is a kind of independent cuss, who cares very little whether he drops an O or knocks an I out. Our printers are not exception to the general rule; they have mutilated Brother Bollard's name so ridiculously that we are not surprised Bacon, if he knew the name, was ashamed of it.

If we were disposed to be captious, we might challenge the first sentence in the aforesaid article, in which the DEMOCRAT is accredited with, speaking before it was born. Will the philosopher tell us whether this error was caused by inebriation, or by dementation? The reason he was pleased to assign for our typos' errors--'tis a poor rule that wont [sic-won't] work both ways.

"The poor gentleman seems terribly distressed became some daring philanthropists have assumed the rites of plural marriage and instead of seducing, debauching, and abandoning the objects of their attention, and casting them out upon the cold heartless world as numps du pave--dishonored and proscribed outcasts, as the so called christians [with small "c"] do; have dared to give them protection and a home--providing their children with food and clothing, and in the face of earth and Heaven claiming them as wives, sons and daughters, and bequeathing them an honorable name, and protecting them from the insidious vices and abominations of the world, whose foul and beastly practices are so disgusting and offensive to all true lovers of humanity--out, upon such christianity [small "c"].

Now listen to Brother Bacon:

"We have denounced the institution of Polygamy because in conflicts with the law of the land, because it conflicts with the moral law and with the law of our nature and because it is disgusting to this enlight-ened community. We said it was a relic of barbarism, and that it was begotten in hell.

If our friend will read the Bible he will find the laws relating to plural marriage were understood and practices by the best men and women the world ever knew, and thousand of years before our nation had an existence, and we will venture to say they will be known and practiced as the moral law--as the law of nature--and the law of nature's God, when this mighty nation has filled its important mission, and like the puissant governments of antiquity, shall be weighed in the balance and found wanting, and like them be broken in pieces.

If this institution be found in conflict with the law of the land, it is because a hireling clergy—ignorant journalists--and christian families have urged Representatives, Senators and Godless Judges to make it so--but this question we leave with them and the grand Arbiter of Heaven and earth. But be it known, to the everlasting disgrace of this nation--there are men immured within its prison walls whose only crime is that they choose to obey the laws of God rather than the laws of man. If it conflicts with the moral law, as Mr. Bacon asserts, will he please tell us when and where that law was given? We have read the Christian Bible from Genesis to Revelations and never found any law in conflict with the Patriarchal law--let him give us the divine statute--we don't want any Gentile tradition--nothing less than the divine law. Let him also tell how the christian mind became so perverted that it cannot endure sound doctrine. Plural marriage was agreeable to the moral law as understood and received by Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Gideon and a host of other good men. It was agreeable with their moral nature. It was neither disgusting nor in any way repulsive--but was recognized as a well defined law--and we challenge any scriptorian or theologian to show an repealing clause in all the sacred scriptures—still our perverse friend calls it a relic of barbarism--and it came from hell. When our poor friend gets to that warm place with which he seems so familiar, we doubt very much about his finding any institution like polygamy there--or that he will ever hear the doctrine taught in those sulphurious regions. Father Abraham is accredited with going to Heaven and his wives--if good women--no doubt went with him. Father Bacon may peradventure rusticate in the antipodes--and whereas Dives found a gulf fixed between himself and Father Abraham; our editorial friend may find himself in the same dilemma.

We shall accept Brother Bacon's invitation to take another trip to La Belle Ville--Boise City—where, we expect to greet him fraternally. We reciprocate fully his sympathies with fallen humanity. And we pledge ourselves to battle as faithfully and earnestly for our constitutional rights as our Republican friends do for theirs. --The Bear Lake Democrat, Nov. 27, 1880.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nov. 27, 1880 - p. 2 under "COMMUNICATED." Sheep Question. PARIS, Nov. 23rd, 1880.

Messrs. Editors--

In the first place I will say may success attend the BEAR LAKE DEMOCRAT. Now for the sheep question: --At our late convention, the question was brought up by its members, whether sheep should be allowed to live on the commons within certain limits of settlements, or not, and whether there should be a law passed for that purpose; the yeas and nays were called for, and the rsult [sic-result] was, a desire for a law to prohibit sheep being pastured within three miles of any town in the county. Now sheep raisers, if this law is passed and put in force in this county, the result will be simply, to drive the sheep out of the county, for the reasons our climate is such that we have to feed from four to six months; our springs are late and before we can get sheep three miles from town it is June, the lambing season should be in May, to make it profitable, and at the same time the greatest care is needed by the shepherd; and if we have to put three miles from town, it will have them to be on a snow drift, and the consequence will be, dead lambs if not sheep.

Now do we not pay taxes on our sheep the same as on horses and cattle. I think so. In Utah, sheep are exempt from taxation, which is an encouragement for the raiser and tends to foster and increase the wool growing interests. How many sheep have we got in the county? Not over three thousand, and they are scattered about in ten different towns. Are sheep not profitable to the people? I say yes, nothing more so, if proper care is taken with them, they are both food and raiment, and I think it would be a great mistake to have any law in regard to sheep at present. My opinion is, we should encourage the raising of sheep and build a good woolen factory and encourage home productions for it is the road to prosperity. Now let us hear from the sheep raisers of this county. A SHEEP RAISER.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Dec. 4, 1880 - p. 2 under "NOTICE."

Brother George Osmond will have Editorial charge of the BEAR LAKE DEMOCRAT, during the temporary absence of Messrs. Rich and Hart at Boise City. Mr. Osmond is too well known in the community to require any introduction from us, and his qualifications are sufficient to guarantee that the DEMOCRAT will be found lively and interesting as usual.

J. C. RICH, J. H. HART
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Dec. 4, 1880 - p. 3 under no heading.

WANTED.--At this office all the copies of Nos. 1 and 2 of this paper we can get, other papers will be given in exchange, or the price of them paid in cash. Parties at a distance having them will please forward by mail.
- - -
THANKS.--Sister Harriet Holmes, of Montpelier, will please accept our thanks for a fine fat turkey gobbler. Send it over by mail.
- - -
PARIS CO-OP.--This Firm is doing a big business, have everything any one wants, and buys anything one has to sell. Try them.
- - -
WANTED. - I want Twenty-Five Good Milch Cows on shares for one year. I will winter them and give one half of the calves, one half the butter or Swiss cheese produced from the cows. Address this office.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Dec. 11, 1880 - p. 2 under "LEGISLATION."

It is as bad a thing to be governed too much as too little. Laws to be efficacious should be plain, easily comprehended and agreeable to a healthy public sentiment. We think that as a general thing the people of Idaho have very little cause to complain of the past labors of their legislators. It must be acknowledged, however, that there is room for improvement, and to this end we trust that the coming session of our Legislature will bring forth good fruit. The Bear Lake delegation is a strong one. It is composed of gentlemen of great experience and ability, and what is more rare, sustained by the unanimous voice of their constituents. That they will work faithfully for the public weal we have no doubt. There has always been in this part of the territory, a strong feeling against the odious POLL

TAX; not that the people are unwilling to raise sufficient revenue for all purposes of good government, but they do not approve of its being raised in this way. It has been suggested by some, that a tax on old bachelor's be substituted for the Poll tax. We do not think this would work very well, for it would appear to be partial legislation in favor of the Mormons who are, as is well known, very much given to marriage. The revenue derived from such a tax among them, would be scarcely worth collecting and then to be just, it would be necessary to institute a system of bounties in favor of the "muchly married." Such a plan would not be agreeable to our monogamic friends. Again, it would require commissioners to investigated the reasons a man had for being a bachelor, and if it was proven that he could not help it, the tax should be remitted; for so man should be taxed for a misfortune that is of itself hard enough to bear.

A better suggestion, is a Dog tax. This would work well in any case, for it would either be a source of revenue in Bear Lake at least, or it would have a tendency to dimminish [sic-diminish] the number of worthless curs that infect our settlements to the danger of travelers and the detriment of our sheep interests. We think the dog question a good one, and expect our friend Joseph to air his eloquence on it this winter.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Dec. 18, 1880 - p. 2 under "IS IT STEALING?"

One night last week, a wagon that was standing in one of the streets of Bloomington, was entered by some person or persons unknown, two boxes of raisins forced open and a few raisins taken. No other damage was done that we heard of, although the wagon was partially loaded with goods for Montpelier.
There was a dance that night in Bloomington, and some strong drink indulged in, but whether there was any connection between the party, the drink and the raisins, is not known.
We remember some years ago, bringing in from Evanston to Bloomington, a load of rather valuable freight, we staid all night with a friend in one of our settlements, and as usual, left the wagon with its contents out in the road. It so happened that the friend's father, a pleasant old gentleman, just in from England, was paying his son a visit. He was not a Mormon and was watching with great interest the social characteristics of our people. He was much astonished at our recklessness in exposing articles of value in that way, and still more astonished when he learned the next morning they were all right. He drew a comparison between England and Utah, very much to the discredit of the former. It is a fact that there is very little stealing in our midst, but occasionally a circumstance occurs like the raisin appropriation just mentioned, that makes us think we are not so free from such thing as we should be. It is certain that those who did the plundering were not regular thieves, for instead of taking handful or two of raisins, they could have easier taken the whole; nevertheless, before the law, they were guilty of a theft. A man or a boy detected in such an act, would forfeit the confidence of the community, and probably, ever after, be looked upon with suspicion.

What terrible odds! one's good name against a few cents worth of raisins. Several similar circumstances have came to our knowledge, and we wish to warm the thoughtless as well as the criminal.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

December 18, 1880 - p. 3 under local news.

RECEIVED.--"Maud," of Garden City, had favored us with a spicy communication. We do not give it at length; but glean from the document that the good people of Garden City--(the name is suggestive of visions of big potatoes, squashes, onions; a city free from noxious weeds and sterile lands,)--are contented and happy; satisfied with themselves, their neighbors and their Bishop; and well may they like him, for "Maud" declares: "We have a splendid Bishop; he is none of your kid glove Bishops; he earns his bread by the "sweat of his brow," as is commanded. Also, the lady says: "The health of the people is good; we have our school-house in good repair; have day and Sunday schools; meetings every Sunday; have a relief society, Sister Cook, a choice lady, being President." "Maud," further states: "We have a Justice of the Peace, one merchant, two carpenters, and all the rest are blacksmiths and farmers, and all we lack is a gentleman!" Further, and what is so interesting for a lady to make note of--the men ever being disinterested parties in such matters--"Maud" graphically relates the advent of three strangers who applied there for citizenship the other evening. They brought no written recommend; could not speak the language of the settlement; but by significant gestures and plaintive cries managed to make known that they had come to be cared for; and nothing being known in civilized jurisprudence to bar them out, and their rejoicing Pas [Pa’s] and Mas [Ma’s] assuming suretyship [sic] for their good behavior during their juvenile period, all objections were waived and the little strangers were permitted to tarry.

Garden City should be proud of their venerable and enterprising "Maud."
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Dec. 25, 1880 - p. 2 under "A 'CHAT' WITH THE 'AVALANCHE.'"

The Avalanche of Silver City has devoted considerable of its degenerate columns in reply to the DEMOCRAT in which we defended the "Mormons in Idaho" from its venomous and unwarrantable attacks. And although we dislike to continue hostilities after our antagonist cries enough, we think we shall be excused in our efforts to get in equal parlance with our journalistic opponents. It is a mistaken notion that a lot of sniviling [sic- Sniveling] editors can abuse, slander, and lie concerning the "Mormons' with impunity. So long as they continue to misrepresent, defame and slander our friends, so long they may expect us to hurl back their falsehoods. It is written, "when your enemy smites you on the cheek, turn to him the other." Now, we have done this so much that it has become monotonous, and might be mistaken for cowardice; but since the DEMOCRAT has fallen into our hands, we have the means of striking back at our defamers, and fling their ill begotten falsehoods at their ignoramus heads. Our young editors, in their apology for a truce, say "Newspaper warfare is dry reading." That may be, but who commenced this wordy war? We did not. We simply replied to your false accusations. And we now reply to your second attack, and when done, we are willing to cry quits; but if our pretended friends or avowed enemies shall continue to lie about the "Mormons" they may expect to find us after them as soon as we get our editorial boots on.

The young Tyros, after quoting extensively from the DEMOCRAT, and after an immature and false conception, deliver themselves of the following profound utterances: "As regards our violation of the commandment, which the apostle of Bear Lake is so sure was thundered from Mount Sinai--got his information by a direct revelation we suppose--we would call attention to the vote of Bear Lake county, as given by the "Democrat," which stands at about 416 Democrats to one Republican. Was there ever such wonderful unanimity before? It is not PRIMA FACTA evidence that the people of Bear Lake are mere machines, handled by their leaders as an engineer handles his engine? It is refreshing to note that t here is at least one man in the whole county who realizes that he lives in a free country. Who are the enemies of a Government? Are they the men who abide by the laws, or those who violate and live in opposition to them? We think the latter. There is a statute of the United States providing against polygamy in her Territories. These Saintly Mormons openly violate this law and are reported at a recent conference at Salt Lake to have defied hell and the United States Government to abolish polygamy in Utah; and yet they claim to be friends and supporters of the government. When they left Nauvoo and emigrated to Utah, claiming it to be Mexican soil, did they do it out of fealty to the United States? (If they had had the good of the country at heart they would have made sure they got outside of her boundaries.) As to the willingness of these priest-ridden people to "do and suffer" for the land they live in, if the roll was called, of the men who stood by the country in her hour of peril, we doubt whether a corporal's guard of Mormons could be found to answer "here," unless they have joined the church since the war. They are "EXCEEDINGLY loyal."

Now it matters very little whether the command "Thou shalt not bear false witness &c.," was thundered from Mount Sinia [sic –Sinai]as the Bible tells us, by direct revelation, as captiously suggested by the Avalanche or whether the boys learned it on their mother's knees. It is no less imperative as a moral law, and they would do well to read, mark, learn and inwardly digest it, and could not fail to graduate into wiser and better men.
As regards our solid vote, that is exclusively the people's business, and no amount of poke your nose into the business of the people of Bear Lake County, can change it. It is indubitable evidence of their good sense, and that they are controlled by the Ruler of the universe, who has said "unless you are one, you are none of mine."

. . .[The article continued along the same line at some length.]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Dec. 25, 1880 - p. 3 under "Communicated."

SERVED HIM RIGHT.--Straight, of the Idaho 'Enterprise,' has at last got his just due. Geo. Coffin, of Oxford, (a poor but worthy citizens) against whom Straight had published a scandalous article in a late issue of his paper, met him on the street soon after the appearance of the libelous article, and when he left him, Straight's head was the perfect picture of a mortified liver. His bump of self esteem had changed its position and shifted in plain sight over the place where his right eye ought to be. In looks it resembled a Guinea hen's egg; while in size it approached a four pound weight.

This man Straight has for a long time used his paper as the medium of personal abuse--and the verdict of the whole people is that he was served just right.

Alas! poor Straight! we know his well!
You should just see how he looked;
Words are inadequate to tell
How Coffin knocked him crooked.

X. X.

{* See Straight Jan. 1, 1881; April 16, 1881}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Jan. 1, 1881 - p. 2 under "Pugnacious."

There is a disposition on the part of many men when offended or injured in any way, to take the law in their own hands, and deal out summary vengeance. This practice is not restricted to the lower walks of life, but is sometimes indulged in by those whose education and social status, should deter from such exhibitions of folly and ruffianism. The halls of Congress are frequently disgraced by brutal and personal quarrels that would often end in pugilistic and more serious encounters, but for the interference of spectators.
While it is right enough to hold all men responsible for their actions and their words, written or spoken, the true gentleman will guard against any outburst of passion that will bring him to the level of the pugilist and bully. It seems that the people of Oxford, Oneida County, have been sorely tried by personal newspaper attacks of the Enterprise editor. While we do not by any means approve of the course that gentleman has taken in the manner he has gotten up and conducted his paper, we deprecate the assault recently committed upon him by one Coffin, and communicated to us by X. X.

Whatever Mr. Coffin's grievances may have been, the remedy was entirely illegal and unjustifiable, and so far from approving of it, it was only by an inadvertency that the communication was communication was published in extenso.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Jan. 1, 1881 - p. 3 under local items. The New Year.

Christmas, with its excitements and Santaclaus [as one word] with his toys of good and naughty children, are among the things of the past. Their task is done and the little one have received all they can reasonable expect. Their jumping jacks, mimic preachers and darkey dancers are all wound up and keeping time with the fleeting moments that beat the pulse of time and hurry us into a new division of the destined ages computed as 1881. . . .

Eighteen eighty has filled its allotted period; ended its destiny, and rolled its ponderous parchments. The archives of the eternities to come will hold them in their vast receptacle; and be their records for weal or for woe, when kingdoms and men shall pass into judgment, the deeds traced thereon fix our destiny. . . .
- - -

THE DANCE CHRISTMAS NIGHT.--The party that came off last Saturday evening at the first Ward school-house, Paris, was well attended by the citizens of this place and others from Bloomington, Montpelier and Dingle dell. Though the house is a large one, it was well filled with those who delight in terpsichorian pleasures. They came there to pass the concluding hours of Christmas--with their partners--and whirl through the mazes of the giddy dance; and they accomplished their designs with general satisfaction, we believe. . .
- - -

THE PARTY at Bloomington, Christmas eve, was well attended by the citizens of that Place and by delegations of sleigh-riders and dancers from Paris and St. Charles; all bent upon a goodly share of Christmas pleasures. The gathering was larger than the school-house could comfortably accommodate and some of the Bloomington people courteously retired to their homes that those from other Wards might be the better accommodated. So far as we have heard, nothing unpleasant transpired during the evening.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Jan. 8, 1881 - p. 2 under "THE BEAR LAKE DEMOCRAT."--This is the title of the Mormon sheet

(Democratic, of course,) published at Paris, in Bear Lake county, by L. O. Littlefield, for the Bear Lake Printing Company, and edited by J. C. Rich and Jas. H. Hart, the present members of the Assembly in the Idaho Legislature. The "Democrat" in its general make-up compares favorably with other papers published in the interior. It present a neat typographical appearance both as regards its "patent outside" and the homemade inside; the whole being devoted to what is assumed to be the interests of the Latter-day Saints settled in Bear Lake County, all of whom are Democrats, and to rendering to the Almighty what little assistance he needs in promoting the advancement and securing the final triumph of Mormonism and the Democratic party. Idaho Statesman
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Jan. 8, 1881 - p. 2 under "COMMUNICATED." PARIS, Jan. 31, 1881.

Editors Democrat:

Not wishing my communications on the subject of Co-operative to partake of the nature of a controversy; yet for the better comprehension of this subject, solicit the indulgence of your readers in making a few further explanations regarding the advantages of the co-operative system. I heartily agree with "Observer" that there is still room for improvement in our co-operative institutions and that they have only partially succeeded in producing the universal benefit that is designed in the organization. The cause of this lack of universal advantage to be derived there-from is viewed from various standpoints. The individual who prefers to handle and control his own property and is willing that his neighbors should launch out in the direction of co-operation views with some uneasiness the declaration of dividends, and is sometimes (honestly enough no doubt) led to believe it is one of its weak points. What is the reason that every individual in the community who is able, does not subscribe a portion of their means to foster and build up a superstructure that has been of so much acknowledged benefit to Paris and its surroundings, and been ably by its prosperity to pay a fair percentage to its stockholders? Is it that they are afraid of getting "too much dividend," or is it not rather that they believe they can make it more remun- erative, and realize larger dividends by manipulating their capital themselves?

It is not an uncommon thing for shareholders to become dissatisfied with the productiveness of their means and offer to sell their stock at a sacrifice in order to get it under their individual control, believing they can make it more productive to their necessities. The great majority of the 200 stockholders of the Paris Co-op. became so in the consequence of their faith in this principle, as a means of ameliorating their condition, and are not composed of the wealthiest part of the community, but to the contrary, are nearly all composed of individuals who have to work continually to obtain the necessaries of life. "Observer" has fallen into an error in quoting $34,000 as the amount of profits, when $17,000 only is the total amount of dividends declared since its organization. The loss of cattle, in the spring of 1880, affects this year only, and the results from this season's business have not yet been reached. A still graven error occurs in the statement, that the Paris Co-op. discounts its due-bills-10 per cent.

It is well known in Paris by the patrons and shareholders of this institution that this is not the case, and although this system of having two prices was introduced in the beginning, it has gradually (as fast as could be safely) discarded, so that to-day, I am not aware of any such policy existing in its various branches of industry or trade, except it may be an occassional deal between the institution and its employees. The injustice and consequent dissatisfaction to our patrons or having fictitious prices, induced the trustees a year ago to abolish this system, and commenced early in the spring of 1880 to redeem all of our tannery orders, amounting to many hundred dollars at mdse. rates although they had been paid out by us with the understanding that they were not worth their face value by 10 per cent. Immediately succeeding this effort, there was a reduction made on all our boots, shoes and harness of 10 per cent so as to give the public all the advantage that could be given and sustain this branch of our institution. Similar reductions were made at the planing and shingle mill in the spring of the same year. Our merchandising business has remained the same; as we have from the first maintained that our merchandise orders were as good as the money to the purchaser.

And although overtures had been made to us repeatedly by parties purchasing stock and otherwise doing business in the community, to pay a premium for their cash and take our store pay to do business with. We have from principle declined to take this advantage of our employees and others who hold mdse. orders. We pay our hands flour at cash rates, and as a rule, adopt a cash basis in dealing with our employees and others. With the limited amount of capital that we possess, it is difficult to conceive what greater advantages can be obtained by the people from this co-operation. As an ensample, we have furnished between one and two hundred loads of freight during the last three months. And during the working season, from one to two hundred individual draw their support directly from the institution in exchange for labor. These facts are not mention egotistically, but that the advantages of co-operation as it exists may not be underrated. And although we are free to admit its present insufficiency; arising from lack of capital and experience, we would do well to remember the fable of the dog who, crossing the stream dropped his dinner to clutch at the shadow.

ROBERT PRICE.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Jan. 15, 1881 - p. 2 under "COMMUNICATED." PARIS, Jan. 13th, 1881.

Editors Democrat:  In reading the last issue of your paper I find I am accused of misrepresenting the financial report of the Paris Co-op and of some of its transactions; therefore, not with a desire to encroach upon you valuable columns, or the patience of your numerous readers, but with a desire to come to a proper understanding in regard to some alleged errors in my last communication, I ask space and permission to make a few quotations from the communication on "Importation and Monopoly versus Home Manufacturers and Co-operation," published in No. 9 of your paper.

As to the benefits arising directly or indirectly from co-operation, when conducted in a proper manner, (for the mutual benefit of all) no person of candid rflection [sic-reflection] can dispute, and I fully indorse t he principles expressed by your correspondents and the suggestions advance by "Citizen" in your last issue, and earnestly hope that t he day may not be far distance when they will be adopted, and all of our separate interests succumb to the principle of unity.

It is stated in the communication of Bro. Robert Price, that I have "fallen into an error in quoting $34,000 as the amount of profits, when $17,000 only is the amount of dividends declared since the organization." I must admit I am not an adept at computing figures, but let us see wherein or how far I have erred. It is stated that $3,000 was the capital at the organization of the institution, and by "amalgamation of other interests and acquired profits its capital to-day exceeds $20,000," Not being a shareholder I am not prepared to say what interests have amalgamated, however the "acquired profits" added to the "$17,000 distributed" go to show an increase of over $17,000 profits derived from the institution, which may possibly have been retained to increase the capital stock, which is an extra good showing in 5 years (as this season's result is not yet reached) instead of 6 years as I had supposed.

Now in regard to the "graver error" that occurs, I will say: that what I asserted, is correct, realizing the fact, that I have been a victim to the acknowledged fictitious prices and discounting of due-bills, thinking I had the substance for "dinner" but instead, it only proved to be the "shadow," and if informed correctly, the system still exists to some extent.In conclusion I will add; that I have not doubt of the endeavors of the management to redeem the "tannery orders" at mdse rates, but what I said in regard to "discounting" I know from exper- ience previous to 1880, and from report, at present. Not wishing any further controversy but for the further development of co-operation and home enterprises I submit, and humbly ask indulgence from Robert Price, for any overstep on my part. OBSERVER
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Jan. 15, 1881 - p. 2 under "Around the World." By F. H.-- PAPER, No. 1.

After about four years missionary labor in Scotland and England; under appointment I sail on the 29th Oct, 1851, from London, for Bombay, in the Merchant vessel Ann Loderby, Capt. Stanley, commanding; and I the only passenger on board. At Gravesend we hove loose of our "tug" unfurling our canvas to the breeze ahead. After four days of heavy weather, threatening some of the sheets of our ship, the wind rounded fair, and we by the 6th of Nov., were skirting the Bay of Biscay and dashing for the milder coast of Portugal. Two weeks from London we sighted the beautiful island of Madeira, nestling in the placid bosom of the great Atlantic, brilliant in the rays of the rising sun; the penciled sketch of which I retain till to-day as a relic.

Twenty-five days out we passed the "Cape Verds," in lat. 16° 49' N., in hot weather and variable winds; with slow progress and trying to the health; making the sea bath an indispensible. Here the sight of a sail, a cruising whale, or a school of playful porpoises, were appreciated as the visit of a near neighbor. An occasional water-spout in the distance, though as near as desirable, towers up from its watery base reaching the upper deep, as if to supply the lack of ordinary evaporation, tempering the elements parched with excessive heat; and, by way of variety, a frequent white squall, though scarcely visible in the distance; the word of command could scarcely reach all hands, ere the creaking of masts and yards, the rending and flopping of canvas, and the heaving of our gallant ship, alternately under and out of the water, tended to make inroads upon our monotony.

Being favored to catch the N.E. trade-winds, we crossed the equator on the 2nd Dec., the thermometer at 80 degrees only, and an atmosphere clear and salubrious; in the night the full moon dashing her silvery rays unobstructed, reflecting on ocean bosom a brilliant transparency of light entrancing. In lat. 10° south, we passed the Brazils to our right, and on the 11th the Martin Van Rocks and Trinidad Island in lat. 20°. Here on the Tropic of Capricorn, with the sun on our zenith, the heat is rather oppressive; but a sunset in these latitudes seems to surpass in grandeur anything terrestrial.  The horizon resting in the lap of the great sea, nearly black in reflecting the heavy mass over-hanging; with an interesting space clear and tinted with pale green and genial hues; while in the dark body above, could be delineated, islands, mountains, cities, towers and turrets, all as if of burnished bronze, with crimson colors and tints for which we fail to find comparison. In this extended scene may be descried armies with their horsemen and chariots, etc. etc., deceiving the eye and leading the imagination to life and animation in this huge scarlet-bordered atmospheric tableau.

Having parted with our trade-wind, and becalmed, I felt restless in my seclusion. A not congenial tho' friendly element on board; I had delighted me much in my reading, but my eyesight failed me in the tropics and I languished for the society of a congenial brotherhood. Think of this young men of Zion, and prize the associations of the good; storing up the knowledge that will fortify when you also may stand alone mid elements uncongenial and forbidding. My solace and stay, was the knowledge that I was there at the call of God through His Apostleship, and the unceasing anxiety as His servant to reach my field of labor.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

* * * [The above was the initial part of what became an ongoing serial by the newspaper for several months but only this initial part will be extracted. Starting with a sea voyage from England to India in late 1851 by a singular LDS missionary, whose name has not been ascertained except for his initials "F. H.". He names some of his eventual companions in the work and gave an insightful and colorful rending of his experiences. We are not sure of how this newspaper acquired the source of this "Around the World" experience which apparently did circle the globe. It would appear that the newspaper used the episodes as a filler and sometimes the parts came weekly, then skipped issues and finally conclude with Paper No. 18 published September 10, 1881. It depicts the missionary effort in Bombay, India and opening the first meeting house in Asia in January of 1853. Closing their labors, the returning missionaries traveled to Hong Kong and rounded Formosa before "launching into the ocean of the great Pacific," and landing at San Francisco. Traveling the southern route, they went overland to Utah where the writing missionary saw snow for the first time in four years near Cedar City and then on to Salt Lake City on the last day of November 1855. All this was three decades earlier but very likely had ready readers in the stories giving good descriptions of places, travel and their work. A question that possibly should be explored was whether this series of articles had any connection with the Bear Lake area, as a local man used the same "F. H." in a number of letters to the editor in the early 1880s?] * * *
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Jan. 15, 1881 - p. 3 under local items.

DR. R. M. BARROWS had returned to Paris, where he expects to locate permanently. While visiting his friends in Salt Lake City he has secured an ample supply of the latest and best medicines. The doctor is supplied with full cases of surgical instruments, tooth forceps, etc., and is therefore prepared to treat all the diseases "earth is heir to." His acquaintance with the first physicians of Salt Lake, such as Drs. Benedict, Anderson, Richards, Hamilton &C., has permitted him to secure the newest remedies for diphtheria, croop, rheumatism, Bright's disease, &C., as successfully employed by the above gentlemen. The doctor wishes his friends to give him a call.

His office is in Mr. G. M. Snow's new house, one block west of Woolley Bros.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Jan. 15, 1881 - p. 3 professional advertisement.

R. M. Barrows, M.D. PHYSICIAN and SURGEON,
PARIS, IDAHO. Office one Block west of Woolley Brothers' Store.
All Calls Promptly Attended.
A Full Stock of MEDICINES and Surgical Appliances.
Terms Reasonable. Consultation Free.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Jan. 29, 1881 - p. 2 a second motto added to the newspaper just under its name and publication data:

"TRUTH IS MIGHTY AND WILL PREVAIL."
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Jan. 29, 1881 - p. 2 under "LEGISLATIVE."

HOUSE. The bill to change the boundaries of Bear Lake County, was, for the third time before the House on the 19th inst., and a warm discussion took place upon its merits The "Statesman" of the 20th inst. says:

During the discussion in the House, preceding the vote, Mr. Hart, of Bear Lake, made an able and eloquent plea in defense of the vetoed bill, claiming that its passage was a simple matter of justice due to the people of the small county of Bear Lake who, the speaker said, need this addition to their territory.

Mr. Rich, of Bear Lake claimed that small as the area of Bear Lake county was, there was only a small percentage of that area fit for cultivation, the greater part being covered by lakes, swamps, mountains and deserts. The strip of country proposed to be ceded did not include the Cariboo mines, and as for Soda Springs, there were only about fifteen families settled there. He said that he did not think the Governor had any knowledge concerning that country that would mititate [sic- mitigate] against the passage of the bill, or if he had such information he should have transmitted it to the House. Mr. Rich said that he was in receipt of private letters from citizens of Oneida county, all favoring the passage of the bill. The proposed division would not give Bear Lake county any population, but only a little territory.

On the question, shall the bill pass notwithstanding the veto of the Governor? . . . .So the veto was sustained. . . .

Mr. Budge introduced C. B. 32, to amend an act entitled an act to establish a public school system, and to provide for a maintenance and supervision of public schools. Referr.--Mr. Hart gave a notice of a bill to restrain the herding of sheep, in Bear Lake county, also, an act to prohibit the buying and selling of votes and perpetration of frauds at elections.--
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Jan. 29, 1881 - p. 2 under letters to the editor. January 24th, 1881.

Editors Democrat: I thought a few items from Fish Haven canyon might be of interest to your readers, especially those accustomed to working in canyons. After several days of hard wallowing through deep snow for man and beast, the road was gotten through to abundance of dry red pine timber and tolerable plenty yellow pine, but the most of it situated on the steep hill sides, not easy of access with teams; only here and there a chance of driving in a team.

After the road was put through they commenced breaking what they called side tracks and refused to let any individual come in except those who broke or assisted in breaking the same. One individual assumed the authority to own or control the main bulk of the yellow pine timber or as least that portion of it, the easiest of access with teams, and in one instance refused to let another extend his side track. Now Messrs. Editors, according to this precedent, could not all of the best timber and the easiest of access be claimed by individuals in all the settlements canyons in these mountains? Your correspondent thinks it could. Lest I become tedious I will close this article, wishing the "Democrat" a happy and prosperous new year, with an extended list of subscribers. CANYON HAND.

Let the DEMOCRAT share your yellow and red pine timber, on subscription.

{* see Feb. 5, 1881 response by Jake}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Jan. 29, 1881 - p. 3 under local items.

"THE BEAR LAKE DEMOCRAT says it has got tired of turning the other cheek. Well, if you don't turn around we'll have to smite you in the same old place." Avalanche.

`We think the Avalanche would find it a very dangerous experiment, and they would in all human probability hurt themselves. We might feel ourselves compelled as the Quaker did on a like occasion. Taking off his coat and laying it aside, said: "Lie there religion, while I smite this impertinent dog."

Yelping dogs are getting so numerous that we must be excused if we pass unnoticed many of these sniveling curs. If we could only get them concentrated within range, we would silence a legion of their kind, and place them hors de combat. - - -

DIPHTHERIA.--We are sorry to learn that this dreadful disease is again spreading in Montpelier. We have been informed of another death there in the family of Bro. Geo Hillier, who has also a number of other children down with it. In Bloomington there is very little sickness at present, and that not of an alarming nature. - - -

POLL TAX.--We can assure our readers that sheriff Wallantine is in earnest as to the collection of the Poll Tax. The law leaves him no alternative in the matter. Delinquents had better come up and pay, for, as the sheriff says, he cannot afford to travel for nothing. A hint to the wise is sufficient. - - -

TIES.--There is a good opportunity to make money this winter getting out ties for Messers Coe and Carter. Bishop Price received a letter from them giving terms &C. They are very liberal and the Bishop can tell you all about them.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Feb. 5, 1881 - p.2 under "COMMUNICATED." Fish Haven, Feb. 1st, 1881.

Editors Democrat: I though a few items from Fish Haven Canyon from one who is familiar with the facts of the case would be explanatory to your many readers. We extended a free invitation north and south for all who wished to come and help break our canyon road, so that all could have the privilege of getting wood. After nearly a week's hard wallowing in the snow we arrived at the timber, and the company scattered out two or three together for the purpose of breaking side tracks so as not be in one another[‘]s way in falling trees, and for the purpose of leaving the main track clear. A certain individual who had never done the first thing toward breaking the road, drove his team up and commenced chopping in one of these side tracks, when the man who broke the said track, began to expostulate with him, more in jest than anything else. When he found that the said individual became angry, he acknowledged he meant nothing by what he said, that he did not wish to injure his feelings and that he could have all the wood he had a mind to haul so far as he was concerned, but he (the individual) would not be pacified by anything that was said, but go on his sled and went down to the main road and gathered a few sticks and went home and this probably is the cause of his communication.

Now Messrs. Editors, who has any better right to these side tracks than those who broke them. The snow was crusted and very good to get about, and plenty of timber for all and it would have been very easy for your correspondent to have broken another. The timber we do not claim, but the side tracks we do, and if we break the road up the main canyon, them we think the least your correspondent or anyone else could do, is to break their own side track. We are perfectly willing they should get all the timber they want; we do not assume to own or control any of it, but there is a certain class of individual who are always missing when there is road to break and always on hand to get timber after it is broken, and to such we would say if you want a load of wood we are willing you should get it, either red or yellow pine on subscription of the Democrat or any other purpose. JAKE.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Feb. 5, 1881- p. 3 under local items.

THEATRICAL.--There will be a theatrical performance in Paris, Saturday, February 12th,under the supervision of Mr. Chester Southworth. His name is sufficient guarantee for a good bill of fare. He will be supported by an able troupe of amateurs, and when we say the object is for the benefit of Bro. H. Margetts we think we say enough to secure a full house. "Many a time and oft" have we listened with delight to Bro. Margetts' able delineation of character, and this tribute to him is well chosen and appropriate.

There is some prejudice against the practice of having a few reserved seats in our theatres. Why there should be so we fail to see. It is a universal practice and we see nothing in it to cause any bad feelings with any one. In fact it is a great help to good order, and it infringes on the right of none. As the showman says, "you pay your money and take your choice," according to the amount you pay.

Bro. Southworth intends travelling through the settlements with his company and performing as opportunities offer. Variety in our amusements should be encouraged and theatrical performances, properly conducted, are instructive as well as amusing. - - -

A SOCIAL PARTY came off in the 2nd Ward School-house on Thursday evening. The company seemed composed, as far as we could discriminate, of those whom we had not previously met during this winter's entertainments, and we wondered a little; for they were really good looking, some pretty. There were well dressed, and, best of all, well behaved. In appearance, gentility and general deportment, they compare favorably with the residue of the most excellent people of Paris, and the conclusion of the writer was: "There must be none but good folks here."

Glad of it! Continue in well doing. Let there be no diversity of feeling in your midst. Our space today, will not admit of much detail. We met there to dance and we perfected the realization of our wishes. Dance! dance! a pic-nic--dance--songs--dance--dance—more dance, was the programme. The songs were excellently rendered by Sister Maria Pendrey, Bro. Thos. Ashcroft and Sister Neat. Thomas Croft, on the violin and Miss Croft on the organ, made excellent music. After a good time the merry-makers separated, well, pleased with the enjoyment and good order during the evening. --
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Feb. 12, 1881 p. 2 under "Lumber."

There is an increasing desire among our people to build good houses. This desire has received quite an impetus within the last few weeks owing to the prevalence of high winds and rainy weather. It had been proven that Bear Lake soil makes poor shingles and also poor plastering. Many a good housewife has had her patience sorely tried by the leaky roofs and washed out plastering of our primitive houses during the late rains; and many a husband has registered a quiet vow that another winter will not find them in such a fix.

One great drawback to building in this valley is the scarcity of lumber. We have an abundance of good timber, but our sawing facilities are so poor that it often happens that logs have to lie over a whole year before they can be sawn, and in that time often spoil through sun and season checking. To remedy this evil the sawmills we have should be run to their fullest capacity, and if necessary some new ones set up. Co-operation has a splendid opportunity in this direction. There is no kind of machinery that will pay better than a good saw-mill thoroughly stocked, and efficiently run. The co-operative saw-mill in Bloomington Canyon has proven this in its dividends, and the increased facilities it has afforded for building, by making lumber cheaper and more plentiful. There are a few more locations we could name where a good saw-mill would be very profitable to their owners, and beneficial to the neighborhoods. The Bloomington sawmill was made in the Logan U. O. Foundry and is a very good mill. The products of the country and even of the mill after it is running, would be taken by that company, for as many more mills as we may wish to have.

Much of the white pine timber in our mountains is of a very superior quality, and by the introduction of a little machinery, vast quantities of moulding could be made for our own use, and even for exportation. The same may be said of sashes and doors; to import which, a large amount of cash is paid by us each year. Let us by all means increase our lumber facilities and build good comfortable houses, that will defy the weather, and not begin to leak every time the sky looks a little cloudy, and keep it up a day or two after it quits raining.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Feb. 12, 1881 - p. 2 under "Fought Four Bears."

EDITOR JUNCTION.--I received today, a letter from my son, Thomas Furniss, who now lives at St. Charles, Bear Lake, formerly of Ogden City, informing me that recently a party, himself included, went out on a deer hunt, taking different routes. He himself went out all alone, and encountered four grizzly bears. To put it short and to the point, I will say that he dispatched three of the, and wounded the fourth. Feeling it unsafe to __?_ the wounded bear in the brush alone, he went in search of his party. Finding them, they all went back to the seat of war. One of the party was more anxious than wise though cautioned by Tom not to rush into the brush, for fear the wounded bear was not yet dead. And sure enough, the bear met him. Tom jumped the creek which was close by, the fellow calling for help at the top of his voice. As the bear, by this time, had grabbed his gun, Tom came up within a few steps of the contending parties, took aim, fired and killed the bear and release the man from a perilous situation. One of the bruins weighed 800 pounds, and the other three from 200 to 250. Where are your Nimrods now, that you have occasionally mentioned in the JUNCTION?

Yours etc., / ISAAC FURNISS  OGDEN CITY, Jan. 26, 1881. [Letter from Ogden newspaper.]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

February 12, 1881 - p. 3 under local items.

ALMOST A RUNAWAY.--Last Thursday forenoon, Bro. Harley Mowrey and his wife started from their home intending to go to Dingle Dell, a distance of six miles, to pay a visit to their daughter who resides there. Just as they made the start, one of the traces became unhooked and the team commenced to run and kick. They had gone but a few rods, when Sister Mowrey, thinking to clear herself from her situation of danger, jumped from the sleigh striking the back part of her head and shoulders. Joseph Neibaur helped her to her feet and into our office, where she rested a short time. It was found that no serious injury had been sustained by her, and in a short time Bro. Mowrey was again ready, and started off rejoicing, for Dingle Dell.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Below we print what appears to be, as near as can be deciphered, an account of a shooting match that came off somewhere, ten on a side, for a dance; the dance to come off somewhere also; and this is about the amount of intelligence we are able to glean from the letter. Now we are generously disposed towards our correspondents, and are quite willing to dissect all disjointed sentences; correct the spelling and arrange the points of punctuation properly; so that their articles may be presentable to our readers; but to be entitled to this attention from us, we must be furnished with the real names of the parties who ae the authors of such communications needing our attention. This was received through the post; we have no idea of the author; it seems a waif on the wave without parentage; therefore if any offense is taken we are totally ignorant as to who such person may be; and if there be umbrage exhibited by anyone we shall have the honor of an acquaintance with the author. Some writers are peculiarly sensitive about having a change made in their literary productions, and when we are in ignorance, we have a fear of giving offense. If correspondents wish to use a "nom de plume," all right; but we must, nevertheless be placed in possession of the real name; when this is the case we assure our correspondents that no liberty will be taken with their articles, and if they are considered to be of sufficient public interest to find a place in our paper, we will take every care to correct any errors that may occur through careless-ness or otherwise. The appended signature is considered to be fictitious, as we are unable to learn of any person of that name.

Feb the 7 1881

mr editors of the Bear Lake Democrat a few items of fishhaven we had a shooting match here last week 10 on a cide for a dance shoot ing cum of saturday last both cides cuming out eguel then the champions shot to decideit one missing the target and the other making a good shot shooting distance 40 yards 2 shots each a grate meney wild shots the Bulls eye hung safe except one Bullet finding our selves such good shots now chalinged garden city our Dance cumming of next week

MR. JABE
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Feb. 19, 1881 - p. 2 under "THE PRESIDENT ELECT."

We are disposed to think kindly of Mr. Garfield. In fact, we try to cultivate that feeling of charity that thinks kindly of all men, until compelled by their acts to think differently. Say as we will, there is something great in the man who begins life as a poor and almost friendless boy, and works his way up to the chief magistracy of a great nation like ours. The great drawback to this is, that politics have become so venial, that to secure the topmost place, often necessitates the us of "way that are dark and tricks that are vain." No doubt the President elect has been accused of much more than he is guilty, at least we hope so. But we accept the fiat of the nation, which is, that Mr. Garfield shall be our President for the next four years; and it is as a President that we now, or soon will have to deal with him. Credit Mobilier doings and De Gollyer pavement contracts are things of the past, and whatever was Mr. Garfield's connection with them is rather immaterial to us at present. But what he will do as President of these United States is something yet to be seen and proven, and we will not pre-judge him. His being a Republican, will not necessarily compel him to be a bad President, and we hope for his sake and for that of our common country, he will be a good one, for "when the righteous rule the people rejoice and righteousness exalteth a nation."
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Feb. 19, 1881 - p. 3 under local news.

THEATRE.--Last Saturday evening "The Idiot Witness" was represent by the Paris "theatricians" in the 1st Ward school-house, Paris. A full house was in attendance. The performance was gotten up for the benefit of Brother Henry Margetts, now on a mission in England. We understand the proceeds, over and above expenses, amounted to $30. Very good. We shall attempt no criticism nor make personal distinctions, further than merely suggest that there were those on "the boards" who undertook the rendition of characters heretofore not attempted by them, who should feel encouraged for their make-up and delineations were good.

While preparing for the farce, "Turn Him Out," Miss Croft sang, in character, "Out in the street," which gave such satisfaction that the house gave her unbounded applause which would not be seated until that young lady appeared the second time and gratified the audience.

The music of Prof. Thos. Croft and daughter was really first-class. The play, in its entirety, was truly creditable and all parties concerned may feel assured that the people appreciated the evening's entertainment.
- - -
DOCTOR BARROWS seems to have an eye to business and to understand the value of Printer's Ink. In addition to his regular advertisement in another column, we have printed two lots of posters for him this week, which are to be distributed through the settlements, by reference to which all who are interested will learn of the Doctor's weekly trips through the valley and learn where and when he can be found. His office is at G. M. Snow's residence a few doors West of this office. The Doctor is a stranger in our midst; but appears to be well recommended and has a fie opportunity to build up a reputation as a physician.
- - - - under advertisements;

R. M. Barrows, M.D.
Physician and Surgeon,
Paris, Idaho.
OFFICE, one block west of Woolley Brothers.
Stock, Grain, &c., taken in exchange for MEDICAL SERVICES.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Feb. 19, 1881 - p.3 many "Estray" notices posted per area:

Paris - 9; Montpelier - 5; one each for Thomas Fork, Liberty and Dingle Dell. [Each with the note: "If not claimed within six weeks from date will be sold according to law."
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Feb. 26, 1881 - p. 2 under "COMMUNICATED."

MONTPELIER, Feb. 22, 1881.

Editors Democrat:--The dread disease diphtheria has again disappeared from our town, after taking from our midst twelve victims. Bro. Hillier has a little girl six years old, who had a severe attack of diphtheria about four weeks ago, from which she partially recovered, and had since taken a relapse and become paralyzed, losing the entire use of the right side. With this exception the health of the people is good. This place, in connection with Bennington and Georgetown are doing a thriving business in the manufacture of ties, by establishing camps in the most accessible groves of timber.

That article has now become a legal tender in this part of the country, from the fact, that when a young man wishes to attend a ball or theatre, all he has to do, is to take his gal on his arm and a tied on his shoulder and march off to the scene of action to the tune of "Hard times come again no more," so long as yellow and red pine trees are taken at the door.  D. OSBORN
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Feb. 26, 1881 - p. 3 no heading local news.

PROFESSOR BUTLER credits us with fencing out our Gentile friends in Bear Lake Valley. He gives us too much credit. If he were here in the summer he would find we do not even fence out cattle as we should do. He also credits us with more population than we really have. However we will soon outgrow that error. It is only a question of time you see.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

March 5, 1881 - p. 2 under "HOME AGAIN." Polygamy vs. Hypocrisy.

Some villainous scribbler in Boise City; has been writing a kind of bilious style to a journal in Salt Lake City, a chapter of lamentations and invectives concerning the Idaho Legislature, and the indignities perpetrated upon the Executive, by both branches of that august body. The correspondent apparently ashamed to sign his name, or, fearing that his lying tongue might compromise his guilty head, has given the letter X as his nom de plume. We have offered five dollars for the name of the writer, as will be seen by an article in another column of this paper, copied from the Salt Lake Tribune; but we have very little prospect of discovering the pauvre miserable. The writer commences his lamentations as follows:--

"On the convening of the present Legislative Assembly of Idaho, Gov. Neil, in his first message, had something to say on the question of polygamy. His message was referred to a committee, and has rested there ever since. The Governor, believing that the matters referred to in his message were of more importance than they seemed to be in the opinion of the Legislative Assembly, on the 5th inst. sent another message on polygamy to the Council and House."

That portion of the message relating to polygamy, was referred to the Judiciary Committee of the respective Houses, and as the Editors of the DEMOCRAT [Hart and Rich] were both members of the House Committee to whom the message was referred, we felt a kind of satisfaction in framing and introducing a bill which we hoped would cover the entire ground, and set the Governor's little soul at rest. Brother James L. Onderdonk, a member of the same committee, first tried his hand at a polygamy bill, but made a botch of it, the thing was too contracted and did not begin to answer the demand made by the Governor in his first message, from which we quote as follows: --"In addition, laws should be enacted providing severe penalties for the crime of lewd and lascivious cohabitation, and that of adultery. These measures should be of a general character, so as to reach all who commit these offenses."

In accordance with the above suggestions we introduced a bill which we hoped would be stringent enough to reach "all who commit those offences." A copy of the bill will be found in another column of this paper. Mr. Onderdonk's bill was indefinitely postponed, without being referred to any committee, but our omnibus bill was or- __?__[one line of text missing due to fold in the paper] lect committee, and retained its vitality till the end of the session. With all this prestige in our favor, it is, of course, a matter of surprise, that his Excellency did not place our name in nomination for Territorial Controller, instead of the present incumbent, whose bill proved such a complete failure. If Governor Niel [sic-Neil] did not want such a bill as the one we introduced, why did he demand of the legislature "laws providing severe penalties for all these crimes," and why do we not hear some regret and disappointment from the pseudo moralists that this bill did not become a law? But to talk plainly Governor, was it not a piece of bald hypocrisy that led to the streak of affected morality in your late message? And would those who know you in Salt Lake City swear that your morals have been such, that you would escape severe penalties if our polygamy bill should become a law? If you are without sin in this regard, you may consistently air your morality; but if not, you would be more respected by holding your peace.

It must not be understood that we consider there is any comparison between plural marriage, as practiced by the Latter-day Saints, and the adulterous, lecherous practices contemplated in the bill referred to. The one is life creating; the other is life destroying. The one is taught and commanded in the Holy Scriptures; the other is denounced and condemned therein. The one confers honor and happiness on womankind; the other brings shame and premature death to millions of the fair daughters of men. The first is supported by the laws of God, and denounced by the laws of men; the other is supported and licensed by the laws of men, and denounced by the laws of God. By which it is very plainly seen that the ways of men are not as the Lord's ways, nor their thoughts as His thoughts.

We refer again to the writer, X, who appears much exercised because some prominent lawyers have snubbed the Governor and refused to do his bidding in the biennial and extra message. We clip the following:

"After the reading of the message, Hon. Richard Z. Johnson, member of the Council from Ada County, made a fierce and denunciatory speech, in which he defended most vociferously the Mormons and their institutions and assailed Gov. Neil as an upstart, who had come to Idaho to teach the people their duty, and closed his windy and bombastic tirade with a motion to 'lay the message upon the table and exclude it from the records of the council.'

"Association with the Mormons has given him the complaint known in this Territory as 'Congressional Trichina.'" The well known aspirant who runs the Governor during the last session of the Legislature, is an X federal official, and has been suffering with this congressional complaint for many years, and as his only capital stock during his campaign among us was his hypocrisy, he seems to think every other aspirant afflicted with his morbid complaints. . . . [This article continued on at great length.]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

March 5, 1881 - p. 3 under local items.

Hon. Wm. BUDGE, President of the Bear Lake Stake, who arrived home from Boise on the night of the 22d ult., was welcomed with joy by the Saints, over whom he has so long presided. Though he has been absent most of the time for the last three years, he has kept his hold on the affections and fellowships of the people of God, and his presence and instructions at our Conference gave comfort and satisfaction to the large concourse of people in attendance. Everybody here is rejoiced to look upon and take by the hand once more our faithful and esteemed co-laborer in the great Latter-day work. He has returned to his brethren and family with honors, borne from a foreign land, and from the legislative Council; now we hope to have the benefit of his presence and counsel at home for a season. Bro. Budge, you are most welcome to the field of your labors in Zion.
- - -

BOOTS AND SHOES MANUFACTURED.--Last Wednesday we dropped into the building on door North of the Co-op Store, where quite a number of hands are constantly employed, under the foremanship of Bro. Thos. Minson, in the manufacture of boots and shoes. We were a little surprised, not having before understood the extend of business conducted there. This is a very important branch of home industry, and is connected with the general Co-operative Institution established in Paris, over which Bp. Robert Price is the general manager. The foreman informed us that they were enabled to turn out, yearly, between five and six thousand pair of boots and shoes, and that this large amount were mostly made from home-tanned leather, or from leather dressed at the tannery connected with the Paris Institution. A portion, however are made from a good article of imported leather. This being among the most important branches of home manufacture, it must be of great benefit to community, and we feel that much credit is due those enterprising men, whoever they are, who were the inaugurators of the movement. Success to this establishment. Why should not their goods have preference with the people over the imported articles? By paying to them the means generally expended for similar articles imported from the East, we will enable the management to add to their facilities for manufacturing at lower figures and also to become still more beneficial to those worthy mechanics in their employ.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

March 12, 1881 - p. 2 under "Notice."

All persons owning stock in the BEAR LAKE DEMOCRAT are requested to attend a meeting of the Company, at the Printing Office, in Paris, at 2 p.m. Saturday, March 19th, for the purpose of effecting a permanent organization and other matters connected therewith.

March 12, 1881 - p. 3 under local items.

THERE WILL BE a dance in the First Ward school-house under the auspices of the Ladies Relief Society, on Friday night, March 18th; the object is to obtain means to complete the purchase, of a building in which to hold meetings.
- - -
THE FEMALE RELIEF SOCIETIES of the Bear Lake Stake of Zion met in the meeting house at St. Charles last Sunday at 10 o'clock a.m. . . .[in the second session in the afternoon] The financial and statistical report was then read by the Secretary, from which we will note the  following items: During the six months ending Feb. 14, 1881, was disbursed to the poor, in property, $74.80; Emigration, in cash, $55.98; Temple, in cash, $27.70;and in property, $64.52.

Amounts on hand: Cash, $61.00; Property, $197.57; Wheat, 1159 bushels.
Total officers and members, 596.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

March 19, 1881 - p. 2 under "Poll Tax Act."

An Act to secure the collection of Poll Tax. Be it enacted by the Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Idaho, as follows:

SECTION 1. It shall be the duty of the officer charged by law with the collection of poll tax in the several counties of this territory, during the month of January next succeeding any general election, to copy into a book furnished him by the board of county commissioners of his county to be known as the "Poll Tax Book," the names of every person on said list subject to the payment of a poll tax. The names shall be alphabetically arranged according to the first letter of the family name, and said book shall be kept in his office as a public record. Such officer shall from time to time add to the lists in said book under the proper letter, the names of any resident of his county, or of any persons who may become residents of said county, or who may attain their majority, who are subject to the payment of a poll tax; and any resident of the county may require such officers to insert in said book, under the proper letter, any omitted name of any resident of said county who is subject to the payment of a poll tax; and for the wilful omission from the proper place in said book of any resident of his county subject to payment of a poll tax, such officer shall be guilty of a misdemeanor in office, and he shall forfeit to the school fund of his county the sum of twenty-five dollars for each name so wilfully omitted, to be recovered in an action on his official bond by the county superintendent of public instruction.

SEC. 2. Such officer shall each year collect one poll tax from every person in his county required by law to pay such tax and at the regular meeting of the board of county commissioners in October each year he shall produce his poll tax book to the board, and he shall be charged with one poll tax for every name in said book, and shall only be discharged by showing that he has collected the tax of every person name in said book, or that those from whom he has failed to collect such poll tax have died, removed from the county or become exempt, or that for some other sufficient reason the tax in such case could not be collected; and every poll tax from which he is not this discharged by the board he shall collect on or before the fifteenth day of November that next esuing [sic - ensuing], or shall be finally charged therewith; and the board shall cause action to be brought upon the official bond of such officer for the amount of such final charge, together with the amount of any other poll taxes he had wilfully failed to collect; and in any such action, proof that the name of any delinquent is on his poll tax book and that he was not discharged from the collection of the tax from such delinquent by the commissioners, or that any resident of the county had given him the name of any delinquent as that of a person subject to the payment of such tax, shall be prima facie evidence of such wilful neglect by the officer, and shall only be rebutted by proof that the tax is paid, or that the alleged delinquent exempt or not subject to poll tax in the county, or that it could not be collected by the means afforded by law.

SEC. 3. No name once entered on said poll tax book shall be erased there from, except by the direction of the board of county commissioners, on the ground that the party is not subject to the tax, and any name once placed on a poll tax book shall be carried to the new books, successively to be prepared after each general election, unless so directed to be omitted.

SEC. 4. Within sixty days from the passage of this act the officers charged with the collection of such tax in the several counties of the territory shall prepare such poll tax book for their respective counties from the poll lists of the last general election, which shall be the poll tax books of their respective counties until another is prepared after the next general election, as directed by this act.

Approved February 10, 1881.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

March 19, 1881 - p. 3 under local items.

UNION DAIRY.--By a reference to the new advertisement of Thomas W. Horsley it will be seen he has purchased the Union Dairy, north of Liberty, and designs running it to its full capacity during the coming summer. He as also secured the services of Thomas Passey whose reputation as a cheese-maker is first-class. Thomas always attends to business and turns you out cheese you need not fear to eat. This will afford a good opportunity for those who have cows to let out to supply themselves with good Full Cream cheese, which they warrant to make and give full satisfaction. They want the cows from and after May the 10th next.
- - -
WANTED.-- A partner with a capital of $2,000 to go into the Dairy and Stock raising business. Good ranch with horse corral and plenty of hay on hand. Six hundred acres of land connected with the Premises. Apply to this office.
- - -
STRAYED.--Philip Chugg, Jr. has been strayed or stolen from the DEMOCRAT office. Information concerning his whereabouts solicited. The last seen of him he was following off some Nounan Valley wagon, trying to see the hind wheels catch up with the front wheels.
- - - -
HANGS ON.--Winter still hangs on with his usual Bear Lake grip. In Paris and vicinity we have about a foot of the beautiful, in a good healthy solid condition. At Georgetown and the north end of our valley, they go us one foot better. The Lake and Bear River still frozen over, with occasional snow-storms the last few days to remind us of our altitude. From St. Charles north, stock are still being fed, but from Fish Haven south, the hills are getting bare and stock, is doing well out on the range. But little snow about Laketown and through Bear River Valley to Evanston.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

March 19, 1881 - p. 3 under "Evanston Produce Market." cwt [100 pounds]

Wheat . . . . $.1.50 "
Oats . . . . 1.35 "
Barley . . . 1.35 "
Potatoes . . . 1.50 "
Turnips . . . 1.50 "
Butter . . . 20 cts per lb.
Cheese . . . 15 " " "
Chickens (dressed) 10 " " "
Turkeys . . . 14 " " "
Eggs . . . 20 " " doz.

Evanston is fully supplied with oats, and the indication are not favorable for a better market.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

March 26, 1881 - p.2 under "An Easy Way of Build the County Court House."

Bear Lake County now has a law taxing the owners of dogs two dollars per head, The breed of Bear Lake dogs has not been improved upon since the day of their creation, notwithstanding which, there is probably not a worthless cur in the county but what has his worshiper and some one willing to pay two dollars for the privilege of letting it torment man and brute kind, and disgrace the earth for twelve months longer.

Estimating the population of the county at 3000, and one dog to every five of the inhabitants, (a low estimate for the dogs) we have 600 dogs and $1,200 revenue for the county. This estimate, of course, does not contemplate that any will be killed. Some families, possibly, may have to dispose of some of their children in order to pay the tax and retain the dogs, but it is safe to say, that whatever may happen, the dogs will not be allowed to suffer. Now supposing the Court House to cost $6,000, if 3000 inhabitants of this county will take an interest in this matter and keep two dogs each, (some poor families now keep five or six) and pay the tax on them promptly, we have at once all the revenue necessary to complete the building. In fact there is no telling to what dimensions this dog question can be worked up. Every citizens who has the welfare of his county at heart who has no dog, should make immediate arrangements to get a few before the assessor comes around. Settlements that are not well supplied, might make arrangements to get a few hundred from the south end of Paris and the north end of Bloomington. Those contemplating going into the dog business and "grading up" should by all means start with those of a "yaller" color. The original dog was a "yaller" one, and any other color simply shows a deterioration.

{* see dogs - Jan. 29, 1881, May 14, 1881, June 11,1881;Oct. 29, 1881}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

March 26, 1881 - p. 3 under local news. . .

LOOKS BAD.-- Not a man fight, dog fight, law suit, quarrel or any other indication of civilization within the boundaries of Bear Lake County for the last one hundred and twenty days, all owing to Gov. Neil's special message to the legislature, drawing attention to the fact, that the laws of the United States and the Territory are constantly being broken in this county.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

April 2, 1881 – p. 2 under "The Bear Lake Democrat."

It will be seen by this issue that changes have been made in the management of the DEMOCRAT. The Hon. J. C. Rich, chief editor, has by request, retired from the direct responsibilities of the office, but will still contribute with his inimitable witticisms, and satire as time and circumstances may allow. Elder L. O. Littlefield lat publisher had left through sickness in his family. Mr. Richard J. M. Bee has been elected to fill his place. All communications for publication should be directed to the Editor. All communication on matters of business should bedirected to Mr. Robert Price, Business Manager, Paris.

We solicit correspondence on any interesting subject, from our friends at home and abroad, and trust by their help and that of our immediate associates, to make the DEMOCRAT increasingly popular, as a family newspaper. –The Bear Lake Democrat, April 2, 1881.

April 2, 1881 - p. 3 under local items.

CROPS.--One of the heaviest crops that Bear Lake County ever produced, is about to bedestroyed--we refer to the ice crop. It can't stand the warming up of these the latter days.
- - -
ELDER ROBERT SPENCE wishes us to say through the DEMOCRAT, that he had written Several times to Bro. Adam Wilcox, Moscow, Ala., by his request, and the letters have been returned.
F Where are thou Adam?
- - -
DIPHTHERIA.--We are sorry to learn that the dread disease has again made its appearance in Bloomington. It has been report that there are about 18 cases at present, but do not appear of a malignant form. Two more victims have yielded to the affliction since last recording, being the third death reported to date.

[Advertisement.]
R. M. Barrows, M.D.
Physician and Surgeon
Paris, Idaho.
OFFICE, one block west of Woolley Brothers. Stock, Grain, &c, taken in exchange for MEDICAL SERVICES.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

April 9, 1881 - p. 2 editorial on "HOW POLYGAMY CANNOT BE SUPPRESSED."

"By the Eternal! Polygamy must and shall be suppressed!" Such is the caption of certain despatches in the Idaho Statesman purporting to give the language used by President James A. Garfield, to some Western Senator. Now the President may have expressed himself thusly, concerning the "Peculiar Institution." And then again, he may not. And it matters very little either way, for the Great Eternal, who has raised our noble President to the proud position he occupied, as the chief magistrate of the best of all earthly governments, has decreed otherwise. And what is puny man, though he be a President, or an Emperor, that he should fight against God?

. . . It should be remembered by Rulers, Presidents and Emperors, a[s] well as by the people, that they are as "the flies of summer," here to-day and gone to-morrow, and although millions have passed and gone into the shades of the eternal and infernal regions since the "Peculiar Institution" was first incorporated in the social fabric of enlightened governments, the grand old principles remains to-day in its pristine simplicity, purity and potency, an indubitable evidence of the unchangeable character of Jehovah; who having commanded his people to observe this law, will not hold him guiltless that shall fight against and seek to destroy those who obey it.

The Sacramento Record Union, treating on this subject, says: "Polygamy will never be suppressed by legislation; it will on the contrary, derive strength and support from any hostile movement. President Garfield has see Congress take it up half a dozen times, handle it awkwardly and drop it again, and it is a fair presumption that he will encounter the same insurmountable obstacles which have forced his predecessors to postpone the settlement of this question."

Who has hedged up the way so that the opponents of this institution are puzzled and con-founded whenever they attempt to handle it? And what causes them to handle it so awkwardly and drop it again? Instead of fighting it so furiously and futilely, would it not be best to seek unto the Eternal Father and learn direct from Him, whether He had determined to sustain it or not?

Among the many thousands of modern priests and learned ministers of christianity, is there no one among them who can obtain audience with the Almighty and learn from the source of all know-ledge whether He has commanded the Latter-day Church to observe this relic of the "Patriarchal Order," or whether he has not? And if the Christian Priests have no communication with the God of Abraham, and have no word from Him, through Prophets or otherwise, let them hold their peace until they learn His fiat concerning plural marriage and His identity with this latter-day work, lest they be found fighting against God, and be everlastingly confounded; for His ways are not as man's ways, and none can stay His hand or hinder His purposes.

. . . And it remained for Protestant America to fulfill completely the prophecy regarding marriage, as was done fully by enacting the infamous law of 1862, which was framed so as to punish by fine and imprisonment those who marry as God ordains, and who are forbidden under the severest penalties to follow the corrupt and licentious practices of the so-called Christian nations.

The Washington Capital discussing this subject says: "Polygamy, as practiced in Utah, will doubtless have to go. But if the Saints are wise they will take time by the forelook and make a few alternations in the form of their pet institution which will enable them to proceed in enjoyment of its substantial conveniences as if nothing had happened.

"Let them send a delegation here to study and report upon the methods of polygamy as practiced in Washington, and then no and do likewise." With all deference to Don Piatt, we emphatically demur, the methods of polygamy as practiced in Washington, may suit the Beechers, Conklings and the average Christian, but if the Latter-day Saints were guilty of these crimes, they would be cut off from the blessings of the Gospel, and forfeit the promises of eternal life made to them through the everlasting covenants of the Priesthood, and be sunken to the nethermost hell.

We prefer, therefore, the methods adopted by Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Gideon and a host of good and great men of former days, and so far as the principles of celestial marriage are concerned, we will stand or fall on their merits; and though Christian bigots may howl and adulterous miscreants clamor for our destruction, we will live and prosper, for the Eternal will stand by His people and will sustain them through time, and in eternity.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

April 9, 1881 - p. 3 under local news.

WE ARE INDEBTED to Prest. C. C. Rich for the following telegram from Salt Lake City, dated April 5, 1881: United States Supreme Court yesterday reversed the judgment of Utah courts, in Miles poly- gamy case, on ground, that Carrie Owen, the principal witness for prosecution, being his recognized wife, could not under the territorial law, testify against her husband. Prest. Wm. Budge will reach home on Tuesday.
- - -
WE CALL THE ATTENTION of our readers to the advertisement of Messrs. Jarvis and Bresce, who have leased the Bloomington Co-op Dairy. Mr. Bresce is a thoroughly competent and practical cheese-maker, had conducted factories in Canada, in the States, in Box Elder and Cache Cos., and guarantees their cheese to be of the first quality, and will brand all their cheese with the company's brand, and sell the product of t he dairy on its merits.
- - -
DIED at Bloomington, of the 4th day of April 1881, of Diphtheria, Andrew, son of Andrew and Christiana Jacobson. Born 31st of August 1876; aged 4 years, 7 months and 3 days.

DIED at Bloomington, of Diphtheria, Sarah Ann, daughter of James O. and Sarah Ann Alland. Born, 21st Oct. 1873, died 6th April, 1881.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

April 16, 1881 - p. 2 under "What's In A Name."

A Doubtful Straight. If there is one man of our acquaintance whose name falsifies its owner, more than another, it's a man of the Enterprise whom Jud Boyakin of the Idaho Democrat calls "a howling idiot." It is true some moralists have sought to ignore the significance or insignificance of nomenclature, as shown by the interrogation "what's in a name?["] and the reference to the sweet scented rose. But there are names that are positively misnomers, and nothing sweet about them, and might be considered a continuous libel on those who own them. Among these incongruities "Straight" of Oxford, is the most conspicuous. If there is a man among the journalistic fraternity more crooked and contemptible than this man called "Straight," we would like to have him exhibited. But until such a creature is developed, or evolved through Darwin's theory or some other unusual process, we much leave the honors upon the brow of the aforesaid, as the man among men, who best imitates humanity abominably.

During our absence at the Capital, this "Straight" made several personal attacks on us, characteristic of his low-bred instincts, to which we have heretofore paid no attention, and we only notice him now, to express our unqualified contempt for him, and all others of his degenerate origin and depraved instincts. To show that we are not alone in our estimate of the aforesaid, we give the following clipping from the last copy of the Blackfoot Register:

["]Only a coward will stab a man in the back. Straight waited till Mr. Singiser had gone before he had anything to say about him. ["]We have some personal acquaintance with Mr. Singiser, and have heard more than we have seen of his official acts, and general deportment, and all confirm our opinion that he is a straightforward, honorable gentleman, and as far above his sniveling accuser, as a noble man is above a low-bred monkey. We have a slight acquaintance with Straight--save the mark--and have heard many an inadversion [?]concerning him, but we never heard him accused of being a gentleman in any sense that term implies. We have heard of his being whipped by one of his own Gentile party since he had been in Oxford, and we have heard others say he well deserved it, for his wanton invasion of the private right of domestic life, but we condemn most unqualifiedly the beating, as contrary to law; and while we do not approve the unbridled license of the press, in attacking wantonly the domestic life of its neighbors, we condemn this summary vengeance. It is always a matter of regret that the strong should take the law into their own hands to punish even so contemptible a creature as the one under consideration.["]

The Register further says: ["] Bro. Straight accuses us of stealing locals from his paper and palming them off for correspondence. As the Enterprise never contained a mention of the items which appeared in the REGISTER we think this matter a hard cut. We were never accused to taking any form where there was nothing before.["]

We have read the Enterprise occasionally, but like the Register, we have failed to discover anything in it worth the finding, and we should have our opinion of any cotemporary that would be induced to steal anything original from the Enterprise. We have heard of persons "stealing coppers from dead niggers' eyes," but we should think those persons were gentlemen compared with the man whose poverty of thought should lead him to steal from Straight's attenuated vaporings. --The Bear Lake Democrat, April 16, 1881.

April 16, 1881 - p. 2 under local news.

THE HON. Wm. H. HOOPER, President of the present Co-op Institution, made a very interesting report of its financial condition to the meeting of stockholders, on the 5th inst. which was published in the Salt Lake papers, for which we extract the following:

["]The institution commence business March, 1869, and during the 12 years it has existed, there have been declared cash dividends aggregating 101 per cent, and stock dividends aggregating 80 per cent. In other words, a stockholders who put in $100--one share--in March, 1869, would, up to the present time, have received $137.70 in cash as dividends, and his original $100 investment would now be worth at par $206.97. Thus the investor has received a yearly average dividend of at least 10 per cent, in cash and nearly 9 per cent in stock, notwithstanding the lapse of four years during which period no dividends were declared or paid."
- - -
THE WICKED MORMONS.

Bishop Wm. Hulme, now on a mission in Alabama, says that among the stories in circulation in that State, is one, that the Mormons kill off all the old women by smothering them between feather beds. Mrs. Harod of Bloomington, who is not nearly 80 years of age, is whisking around among other feminine octogenarians, enjoying the canard; her usual comment is "the poor ignorant jackasses." But any foolish story to beat the Mormons.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

April 16, 1881 - p. 3 under local news.

TUESDAY APRIL 12th, at about 6 o'clock p.m. quite a number of ladies and gentlemen, Headed by Bp. Spencer and John A. Sutton, friends of Brother Christian Wallantine, who is to leave for a mission to the States, were seen to stop in front of Bro. Wallantine's, and without any ceremony or even knocking at the door, went into the house where they found Bro. and Sister Wallantine and family at supper. To see the astonished look the Wallantines were and hear the many excuses that were made, were amusing to the company for they saw they had accomplished what they set out to do, which was to give Bro. Wallantine and family a surprise before his leaving for his mission. The ladies of the company took possession of the house and made the Wallantines their guests. The extension tables that were taken by the company were soon extended and the many well filled baskets were soon void of their contents which were spread upon the tables in such a tasteful manner that any one would think that the victuals, although cooked by many, were all prepared by one good tasteful hand. Although Bro. Wallantine and family had partially eaten their supper, they were obliged to be seated again at the supper table as guests.

After all had eaten what they desired of the sumptuous repast, we retired to the parlor and Bro. Sleight was called on to make a speech, which he mastered well and his remarks were very appropriate to the occasion. Bro Wallantine gave a short address to the assembly and thanked them for their token of friendship and good feeling toward him. Bro. Southworth then rendered one of his comic recitations, following which Sister Ella Rich also gave a recitation. The balance of the entertainment was varied and amusing with the exception of Bro. Sutton's bass singing which would have been more interesting to him and all the company, could he have made it chime, but he declared the tunes were all too high.

At about twelve o'clock all wished Bro. Wallantine a prosperous, successful and happy mission, with a safe return home. After which all retired. ONE OF THE COMPANY.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

April 23, 1881 - p. 2 under "OUR POLITICS."

The Boise Republican of he 9th inst., after quoting generously from the DEMOCRAT of the 26th ult., gets of the following jingo on the Idaho Democracy and the "Mormons:"--

["]Although we do not affiliate with Hart's religio-political views, we admire his straight forward and honorable course in demanding that the Democratic party shall render to the Mormons their just dues. The Mormon element has made the party what it is in Idaho. Heretofore, the lick spittles of the party have bowed to this church and state Mojoch for position, but now the latter-day saints of the church of Jesus Christ are able to dictate to the party. Will the party break faith or will it stand up to the "racket" and vote for Bishop Budge. It must vote as required, or the Democracy of Idaho will sicken and die. Democrats, you have subsisted on "Mormon gravy," and now the bill is about to be presented. "Do unto others as you would that they should do unto you" should be your motto. You have asked Mormon support and have received it. Now grant their just demands: support the Mormons or die the death of a dog. If the Mormon church is an institution of God it is time that it assert its supremacy. Let the fawning, craving politicians join the Mormon church or cease to ask favors of it. We despise a hypocrite, but we honor the man whose actions correspond with his professions, even should he differ from us in politics and religion.["]

Our political friends will readily understand the drift of Bro. Bacons argument. In the article from which he had quoted, we have stated simply and plainly an acknowledged rule in all political parties, namely: that majorities shall rule. This has been the bone of contention for several years by an insignificant but loud-mouthed, blatant minority in Salt Lake City, who call themselves "Liberals," who would like the rule reversed so that they might best grind the people in the dust and rob them of their dearest right, those of local government. . . .

[ continued with additional quotes from earlier editions]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

April 23, 1881 - p. 3 under local news.

[First issue in some time with no advertisement from Dr. Barrows. The only advertisement connected to medical help came from the Drug Store at Evanston, Wyoming, where a "Physicial & Surgeon" was "Always on hand."]
- - -
WE LEARN FROM the private correspondence of Bishop Wm. Hulme, who is traveling in Morgan Co, Ala., preaching the Gospel without purse and script; that he had done a great amount of traveling on foot, and is sometimes very tired, footsore and hungry, and has learned, like other ministers elect, to put his trust in the Lord. On one occasion his traveling companion and himself thought they would to stay "Out in the wide world, out in the cold."but after dark they were received by a good Samaritan, and kindly provided with both food and lodging, and that they have never lacked for food or shelter.

Our worthy brother says he does not feel in any way discouraged, although he has baptized only one person since he has been there, for he esteems it an honor to be counted worthy to bear the message of life and salvation to those who sit in darkness, and know not the ways of the Lord. It will no doubt be consoling to the faithful missionary to reflect upon the word of the Lord given to Oliver Cowdery concerning the worth of souls in the sight of Heaven, as follows:

"Wherefore you are called to cry repentance unto this people. And if so be that you should labor all your days in crying repentance unto this people and bring, save it be one soul unto me, how great shall be your joy with him in the kingdom of my Father."

{* see Hulme for July 23, 1881; Oct. 1, 1881}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

April 30, 1881 - p. 2 under "BOARD OF TRADE."

Zion's Central Board of Trade will meet in Salt Lake City, May 17th 1881, by order of the President John Taylor. And although Bear Lake County is not a portion of the Territory named in the circular, it is accredited with one delegate or representative in Said Board. The following subjects will be considered and discussed as the first in importance to Utah and the surrounding country.

We quote from the circular published in the News, as follows--The following subjects will be taken up in the order mentioned" 1st. -Manufacture of Iron and Coke. Our Iron Foundries. The deposits of iron ore in Utah, are said to be the largest in the world, and the manufacture of the ore into iron would be the means of giving employment to hundreds of our people who, though skilled in its manipulation, ae to-day engaged in less profitable and congenial employments. Fuel being required in large quantities the manufacture of coke would come under this heading, being a necessity for making finer grades of iron. . . .

2nd. - Manufacture of White Lead, Lead Pipe, and Sheet Lead for roofing purposes, etc.Pure lead is now being shipped to California, and there manufactured into white lead and shipped to Utah, thus costing the people freight both ways, and the labor and profit incident thereto are entirely lost to us.

3rd. - Manufacture of Glass.
4th. - Wool and Woollen Manufactures.
5th. - Manufacture of Clothing.
6th. - Silk and Silk Manufactures.
7th. - Manufacture and Importation of Wagons, Carriages and Agricultural Machinery.
8th. - Hides, Manufacture of Leather and Boots and Shoes.
9th. - Manufacture of paper.
10th. - Butter and Cheese.
11th. - Flour, Corn Meal, Starch, etc.
12th. - Soap.
13th. - Cultivation of Sugar Cane and Beets for Manufacturing Sugar.The importance of our making an effort in this direction will readily be seen, when it is remembers that the people of Utah consume annually over half a million dollars of sugar.
14th. - Manufacture of Matches.
15th. - Salt.
16th. - Glue.
17th. - Hats and Caps.
18th. - To encourage planting and raising Forest, Fruit and Shade Trees, Shrubbbery, Flowers and Bulbs suitable to our climate, and thus prevent thousands of dollars being annually sent out of the Territory.
19th. - To encourage the breeding and raising of fine Stock, and discourage the people from sending their means out of the Territory for such stock when it can be obtained here at as reasonably rates.

By counseling together we hope to be able to see the way clearer for establishing some of the industries referred to; of devising methods for assisting those already started, and utilizing for the benefit of all, some, at least of the many natural resources of our rich and growing Territory.

In behalf of / ZION'S CENTRAL BOARD OF TRADE,

JOHN TAYLER, President.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

April 30, 1881 - p.3 under local items.

OFFICIAL CHANGES.--Hon. J. C. Rich has resigned his office of Auditor and Recorder of Bear Lake County. John U. Stucki has also resigned his office of Treasurer of said County. Wm. L. Rich had been appointed Treasurer to fill the vacancy created by the resignation of  J. U. Stucki. J. U. Stucki has been appointed Recorder of Bear Lake County to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation first mentioned.

George B. Spencer has been appointed also by the Board of County Commissioners to the office of County Sheriff, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Christian Wallantine. These changes go into immediate effect.
- - -
THE COURT HOUSE.-- At the special meeting of the Board of County Commissioners on the 25th inst., called for the purpose of considering the policy of building a Court House, it was decided to postpone the question till a more convenient season, it being the united view of the Commissioners that the condition of the County funds would not justify them at present in such an outlay as would be incurred by the construction of such a building as the one contemplated.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

May 7, 1881 - p. 2 under "BROTHER ONDERDONK ON THE RAMPAGE.

A Streak of Blue Blazes. Our Territorial exchanges of the past week came charge with a blue streak of red hot metaphorical shot and damaged canister, and were all sighted at the Mormons in Bear Lake and Oneida. The Statesman, The Republican, The Avalanche, and the Yankee Fork Herald, were fixed up with the same charge, and off the fusillade simultaneously. To have so many batteries charged and recklessly pointed at us, would be intimidating if we were not used to it, and if we had not experienced the harmless effect of similar engagements. The article published in the several papers above named, was written by the person whom we have honored by this notice, whose name we approach delicately on account of its associations. How the writer fixed up the above journals in his interest, and created a fellow feeling in them, and cause them to be so wondrous kind, and anxious to aid and assist him in his false and abusive tirade against the Mormons is easily accounted for, when it is known that the party they represent if this Territory, is the glorious minority. Now if this party can demoralize the Democracy of our Territory so far, as to induce them to treat us as "a Common enemy," the leaders can see the same show for Congressional honors in the no distant future; but so long as the Mormons cast their 3,000 votes for the democratic candidates, so long, the republican organs of our Territory will continue to grind out their bug-a-boo d__?_ ditties about the awful wicked Mormons.

The writer of the present tirade was nearly sixty days preparing an attack against us in the House of Representatives, and went off half-cocked, reminding us of the old proverb "a __?_ is soon shot." The bolt did not hurt anyone of course, but the old blunderbus kicked the poor fellow badly, and the last we saw of him, he looked as though he couldn't help it. We were sorry for him, but left him to nurse his disappointment. Our poor friend he labored extravagantly to convince the world and the rest of mankind, that the 200,000 Mormons should be annihilated because John D. Lee and his fellow-fiends destroyed a company of emigrants at the Mountain Meadows, some 23 or 24 years ago. Now we would do as much to bring such miscreants to justice any one not directly charges with that business, for we have no sympathy for a murderer, whether he be a Mormon or a Methodists; our religion teaches us "to deliver up the murderer to be dealt with by the law of the land." Two decades have passed since the damming deed above mentioned, and the only man who has suffered the total penalty for this terrible crime, was convicted by a Mormon jury. And if there be living any who participated and were responsible for the foul deed, let them suffer "the stings and arrows of an accusing conscience," and if they can be discovered, let them suffer the just penalty of their heinous offence; but let it not be charged against the innocent and unoffending, whose souls revels against such atrocities [sic-atrocities], and whose hands are clean from the blood of this generation.

The writer adverts very briefly to the snubbing given by the legislature to his liege master, John B. Niel, for the insult and impertinent communications to that honorable body. He has failed altogether to notice his own abortive efforts to procure special legislation in our favor. We are not disposed to criticise [sic-criticize] his reticence on these unpleasant subjects; but for our honorable friend to pass unnoticed our "polygamy bill" is not only unappreciative, but unpardonable in a public moralist. He knows as we do, that there was more morality contemplated by said bill than he or any antiprated bachelor of his stripe could digest or would be willing to endorse. The howling of such creatures about the evils of polygamy is a burlesque on morality; a healthy public sentiment concerning male prostitutes, and morality would cause 90 out of 100 of our enemies to hunt their holes and hide their guilty heads with shame.

In the second paragraph the writer dilates upon the increasing influence and importance of Bear Lake and Oneida Counties; the possibility of their alliance with the northern counties; and the invincible combination by which they will be able to carry through any scheme, however disastrous to Gentile interests. In answer to which we will simply tell our friend, that Idaho is our home; that we came here to stay, and we expect to be governed by the same just and liberal principles in our politics as we are in religion. The American Government is our heritage; generous bequest of noble, brave and God fearing men. The banner they unfurled to the downtodden nations is good enough to protect the Mormon as well as the Methodist; the Infidels as well as the Christian, and no people can trail it in the dust with impunity. We profess to know the right bequeathed to us, and by the help of the Eternal; we intend to maintain them. And when such muck worms as the average anti-Mormon, crawl out of their holes with slimy rottenness of soul and body, and wantonly attack our friends, it will always be in order for the DEMOCRAT to set its honest foot upon the creatures; and if they be not summarily squelched, or do not crawl back into their obscure holes from which they come, the DEMOCRAT will put down the other foot more sharply. We have an abiding confidence in the virtue of democracy, the potency of human rights, and the eternal justice of our cause; and we intend to stand or fall with the people whom God delights to honor, who will in the very nature of things, take the front rank in the development of the inevitable destiny. And let it be remembered that "thrice armed is he who has his quarrel just."

The writer dedicates his effort to the Yankee Fork Herald, published on his old pettifoggying stamping ground in Custer County, and starts in by telling that journal that "the action of the majority in the Legislature, upon the subject of polygamy in this Territory, has aroused a storm [ of indignation in the Gentile world." The only storm we have notices or heard of in connection with O'Neil and Onderdonk's failure to secure the passage of their vicious and villainous measures, was brewed, fermented and evaporated in their little teapot. Such tempests are a mere bubble, they burst and are forgotten, as will be the fate of these agitators and all who fight against the purposes of Jehovah. A man must not be allowed to persecute his brother because of some difference of his faith and method of worshipping the Almighty. If a Methodist or a Mormon is found guilty of breaking the law of the land, let the guilty one be punished. The man who presumed to arraign the Church with which the guilty parties may associate, for some individual offence, may be appropriately registered an imbecile.

The poor sycophant who has prostituted the little intellect God has given him for official honor, who enjoys temporarily the price of his toadyism to a vindictive and proscriptive governor, is a creature that all honorable men will despise when they know him as we do. What a contrast between this dirty __?_ of an assuming demagogue and a certain republican member of the assembly, that we could name, who was offered the same official honors, provided he would do the necessary dirty work. His reply was, "I would like the position you offer Governor, but I'll be d__d if I will do that dirty business."

A scavenger was wanted to collect the filth issued from head quarters, and retail it, a foul bird that would learn to echo every base falsehood uttered by a ring of adventurers, and swear to them, all of which qualities seemed to center in the graduate of Corinne, who winds up his abusive and lying article by charging the Mormon Church with the "Mountain Meadow massacre, Robinson murder, the unnumbered crimes which have sown the soil of Box Elder county from Millard city to Hampton's divide with the mouldering bones of countless unknown victims to Mormon lusts and hate. All victims to the doctrine of blood atonement, which was and is--says Onderdonk--as favorite a tenet of that church, as its __?_ _?_ of polygamy. When the writer so far forgets the ninth commandant as to make the above wholesale charges, we simply tell him that he lies most fully. The Mormon church is no more responsible for the individual acts of its members than our territory is responsible for the infamous falsehoods published against us by the present incumbents of public offices.

It is well known to every member of the Legislature that in our legislative capacity, we study first and foremost, the public good. And we have never introduced our religion before that body, only when it has been assailed by the canting knave, or the ruthless bigot, and then only in self defense--and no person even knew it to be worsted in a fair and open encounter. If we could be convince that Mormon is what its enemies represent it to be, we would abandon it instanter, but we happen to know through a long and varied experience, that is the work of the Almighty, "and whoever falls upon it, will be broken to pieces, and on whomsoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder." And if those who do not believe it, will just watch the signs of the times and seek wisdom from the Supreme Ruler, they can learn that there is more vitality, intelligence and potency in what is called Mormonism than "is dreamed of in their philosophy," and they will learn that no combination of its enemies can stay its progress.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

May 7, 1881 - under "COMMUNICATED." BLISS, SURRY CO., N.C. Apr. 7, 1881.

James Athay, Dear Brother:

I presume you are well aware that I have not written to you before, but if the old adage, better late than never, is not worn out, I hope you will apply it here; Because I have had considerable corresponding to do; is the only reason I offer for not writing you before. I have thought of you often, and of your many deeds of kindness, by which my family as well as others have been made to rejoice. Brother Athay--please accept my sincere things and gratitude for the interest you have manifested in my family. I am quite well, and feel splendid, and desire to fill an honorable mission before returning home.

It is six months to-day since I left my home in Paris, and six month's to-morrow since I, in company with Elders L. Laker and A. Wilcox left the beautiful valley of Bear Lake, to fill a mission in the Southern States.I can say little, that I have not seen as lovely a spot since I left it. We traveled together until we arrived in St. Louis, when A. Wilcox left for Alabama, L. Laker going to Richmond, Indiana to visit relatives, while I proceeded to the "grand ignorant old North Carolina" (a quotation from one of their leading papers,) where I have been laboring since my arrival, most of the time with Elder Laker. We received the "Democrat" weekly, and I assure you we enjoy its perusal very much, and if it fails to come on time, we are much disappointed. If the people at home are half as anxious to hear from us as we are to hear from them through medium, a few word will not be uninteresting to them.

We have tried to do our duty, but so far without much apparent success in proselyting. We have walked nearly eleven hundred miles, held forty meetings, and done a great deal of fireside talking. It is true, we have made many friends, and removed considerable prejudice, yet no fruits have been gathered into the garner. You have no idea how hard it is to get these people to leave the old beaten track of their fathers, which they have traveled blindly for so many year. Under these circumstances, would you think it strange if we were sometimes a little discouraged? We realize full well, the truth of the old saying: "faint heart" &c., and think it will apply as well to proselyting, as to the "lady." The Apostle Paul says, "I planted, Apollas watered, but God gave the increase." So it may be that while we plant, and carefully nourish, God will give the increase for others to gather. This is an old field and nearly worn out; but as the weather becomes warmer, we expect to branch out, and endeavor to open new fields. Nearly two hundred saints have been gathered from this section during the last twelve years and others will follow this season. Religiously, this place is up to the standard, only in the number of its denomination of different faiths, and the hatred they manifest toward each other. Some of them take great pains to abuse us nearly. . . .

[The long letter took up a full column in the newspaper with a section containing eight lines too light and illegible to decipher.]

. . . men who would be peaceably retired if left alone, are often prompted by free drinks of bad whisky, and had counsel of lewd and vicious old men to make war upon, or rather to declared war against our Elders; but no conflict as yet. There are a number of infamous books in circulation here in consequence of these, with too many slanders that are dealt out from the christians (?) __?_ and reached through __?_ _?_ which people have not a very __?_ understanding of the moral standards of female portion of our community, whether at home or abroad. One of the more vicious and despicable curs of this neighborhood had an impression that what every body said must be true, and thought he would try an experiment with one of the immoral Mormon sisters during an absence of her husband. He remained in the woods around the house till near night throwing stones and making unusual gestures; but the sister informed us that when the gun went off he went off with an impression that was calculated to eradicate the former one and judging by the speed he made through the woods, one that he wished to leave behind. The sister then went to a neighbor and had the fowling piece reloaded; but she supposes the last impression must have been sufficient, because he did not return any more.

The most strange part of the affair is, that upon enquiry, all the neighbors affirm that they were at home all that afternoon, and when the assessor called a few days after he finds them all out. I sometimes think it would be a blessing if our sisters could handle firearms more efficiently, so that they could check most effectually the dastardly advances of these cowards curs.

This country is far behind Bear Lake in the comforts of its dwellings, most of them being of the primitive backwoods style, and many without a window, or other apperture than the door for light; they are well ventilated on all sides between the logs, and above through the roof. The district school houses are of the same ancient order of architecture, as are many of the churches also. It seems to be impossible to get a church to preach in, and a few refuse us the use of the district school houses, which are considered free of all denominations. Many of our meeting are held in private houses; but in the summer we expect to hold them in the woods. Our congregations vary in number from one to five hundred; average, about thirty-five. In company with Elder Wm. H. Bakes, I have made one trip of three weeks into Patrick Co., Va. We found a most uninviting country, and many of the people as uninviting as the country. However, we found a few friends such about we held seven meetings, while others __?__ lest we should visit them, and as threatening letters. Notwithstanding, these, we feel like going ahead and leaving the issue in the hand of Him whose servant we profess to be. We shall be pleased when the "sign" referred to in No. 22 of the "Democrat" come right, as our field is identical with that of Elder R. S. in regard to the scarcity of reading matter. Elder Laker, joins in love to your family, and all our friends--and they are they who seek the welfare of the Latter-Day Kingdom.

Your Brother in the Gospel, / GEO. PASSEY
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

May 7, 1881 - p. 2 under directory.

BEAR LAKE DIRECTORY.

County Commissioners-Wm. Budge, C. E. Robison, J. A. Hunt
Probate Judge-Geo. Osmond
Sheriff-G Spencer.
Treasurer-W. L. Rich.
Assessor-L. B. Hunt.
Recorder-J. U. Stucki.
Surveryor-E. N. Austin.
Coroner-Leonard Floyd.

PARIS DIRECTORY.

Justice of the Peace-J. U. Stucki.
Constable-John Wellker.
Postmaster-Walter Hoge.
School Trustees, 1st Dist. J. A. Sutton, J. U. Stucki, H. S. Woolley
" " , 2nd Dist. S. Humphreys, T. J. Smedley

TERRITORIAL DIRECTORY.

Delegate in Congress-George Ainslie
Treasurer -John Huntoon
Controller -James L. Onderdonk
District Attorney, 1st Dist. - J. W. Poe
" " , 2nd Dist. - J. W. Hawley
" " , 3rd Dist. - W. Crawford.

LAND OFFICERS ONEIDA LAND DISTRICT

Register-August Duddenhausen
Receiver-A. W. Estes

FEDERAL DIRECTORY [Territory of Idaho]

Governor - John B. Neil
Secretary - T. F. Singiser
Attorney General - W. H. Chandler
Chief Justice -John T. Morgan.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

May 14, 1881 - p. 2 under "Valedictory."

It is customary when the timorous incumbent vacates the "rinctum, sinctum, sanctum," or that imaginary sanctuary where the adventurous journalist plans his mode of warfare in county, territorial and national administrations, or waits peradventure with intense anxiety the unjust appearance of some angry dame with traditional cowhide; and visage terrible, ready and will to inflict due punishment on poor frail humanity for imaginary wrongs. It is customary, we repeat, on such occasions to make some kind of apology for shortcomings, and acknowledgments for harsh words spoken in the flush of some temporary victory or other contingencies. We therefore in retiring from the BEAR LAKE DEMOCRAT, make our professional bow, adieus, apologies, and all other compliments that may be considered apropos, and wish our friends to consider their hands well and warmly shaken, and our enemies, if we have any, we commend to the tender mercies of our successor, the Hon. George Osmond, whom they will find a foeman worthy of their steed.

It will be seen by reference to our local columns, that our base of opperations [sic-operations] for the next few months will be the "City of Gothan," where we shall be glad to meet our friends or to hear from them, and where we may conciliate our opponents by the administration of some good tonic, by the application of a good Conkling plaster, or some other effective harmonizer for disorderly humanity.

Our special friends Gov. John B. Neil, Judge Kelly, Professor Bacon and Controller Onderdonk will of course regret our temporary exit from this lovely climate; and most beautiful territory, but don't be over sorrowful gentlemen on account of our absence, for whenever you need help against the common enemy, you may always count on us to give them a sound rattle. In the meantime let us bury the hatchet and build railroads, develop our valuable mines, and the inexhaustible resources of our rich territory; and let the canting knave, the religious bigot and political tyrant go to the dogs.

We are pleased to note favorable reception of the DEMOCRAT, and the increased number of its subscribers. In the dark days of our experience it assumed its manhood, threw into the arena the gage of battle, and has passed the Rubicon. There were not wanting those who winked knowingly and predicted its early death, and not a few who writing under its vitriolic doses devoutly wished this ultimatum. The dirty blackguard sheet published in Salt Lake city in noticing its birth, pronounced it an abortion, but it would not, or could not die. And to-day it takes rank among the best newspapers in the territory, and has a fair prospect of becoming one of the permanent institutions of the gage. If it has not already carried out all that was anticipated and promised in our Salutatory, we transmit kindly and confidently the responsibilities to the future incumbent whose well known reputation as a scholar and a gentleman will be a sure guarantee for the consummation of all that has been promised.

In conclusion we would make honorable mention of Mr. L. O. Littlefield, whose faithful and assiduous labors did much towards placing the DEMOCRAT on its feet, and producing that comedy form so conspicuous in a live journal. His quiet manners, scholarly attainments, professional ability, and gentlemanly deportment, have made him many friends among us, and he will live in our memory as a brother and a friend, and immortalized by his Democratic laurels, and his sterling integrity.

We submit cordially to the readers of the DEMOCRAT our fraternal greetings, respectful adieus, and ask a continuation of good feeling and kind remembrance.

Respectfully, your friend, JAMES H. HART.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

May 14, 1881 - p. 2 under "Bear Lake Stake Conference."

PARIS, May 7, 1881, 10 o'clock A.M.

On the stand were C. C. Rich of the Twelve Apostles, Wm. Budge of the Presidency of the Stake. The Bishops and other local authorities. The morning was occupied principally by the Bishops, who reported the condition of their various fields of labor, showing in may wards, a favorable tithing record, and in others a slight falling off owing to light crops. The calls for the Temple had been very liberally responded to in all the wards.

Pres., C. C. Rich, said he was very thankful for the opportunity of meeting with the saints, and he had been much interested in listening to the brethren who had spoken. There is a great work to be performed and we should all be interested in it. His feeling were as good as ever, but he was very weak in his body. Related two instances in his experience in which powerful engines had suddenly broke down, and become for the time being useless. One occurred on the Pacific ocean, and the other on the railroad. Trusted he might live to see the Temple finished, and the saints blessed therein. We must do our duty, if we expect to receive the reward. His prayer was that the Lord would bless his saints and preserve them from the power of the destroyer in the name of Jesus. Amen.

In the afternoon, the speakers were Elders H. Findlay, Bishop Lee, Elder J. U. Stucki and Prest. Budge. The subjects treated upon were, the necessity of having our children trained and educated by teachers who were gifted with the spirit of the Gospel. Co-operation in railroad work and home manufacture.

SUNDAY, 10, A.M.

Prest. Wm. Budge, Bishop Sheets and Prest. Osmond were the speakers. The General and Stake Authorities were presented and sustained. And the statistical report of the Stake, was also read.

In the afternoon, the Sacrament was administered. The speakers were Bishop C. E. Robison, Bishop R. Price, Pres., Wm. Budge and Bishop Sheets. The subjects referred to were Tithing, correct keeping of records and the necessity of the saints being one in temporal as well as spiritual things.

Prest. Wm. Budge, gave an encouraging report of the manner in which the saints of this Stake had responded to the special call of Superintendent Card, for means to assist in the Construction of the Logan Temple. More than sixteen hundred dollars had been donated in good available means, that would be immediately place at the disposal of Br. Card. Singing by the Choir.

Benediction, by Pres., Geo. Osmond. T. MINSON  Stake Clerk.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

May 14, 1881 - p. 3 under local news.

Prest. Wm. Budge and James H. Hart expect to leave by next Sunday's mail; the former to attend the meeting of the Board of Trade in Salt Lake City, and the latter to fill his mission in New York.

BLOOMINGTON is nearly free from the diphtheria scourge. No new cases and the few that have occurred of late have been comparatively light. The good people there, will soon be able to having the schools and meetings as usual; at least we hope so.

BEAR RIVER IS BOOMING.--We never knew it so high this early in the season, and crossing the bottoms between here and Montpelier, is only attempted by such men as Bishop Robison, who have extra good teams and know how to drive them. The ferryman's harvest is at hand.

WORK has commenced on the County jail at Paris. That is right, it is better to have a jail and no use for it, than to happen to need it and not have it.

IS IT NOT about time that our stock were shut out of the fields of grain which are beginning to look so well. Raising stock and grain in the same enclosure is a relic of barbarism and pay poorly anyhow.

APPOINTMENT. --President James H. Hart has been appointed by the First Presidency to proceed immediately to New York, and take charge of this season's immigration. He will have the prayers and best wishes of the Saints in Bear Lake Stake, during his temporary absence.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

May 21, 1881 - p. 2 under "Communicated."

Mr. Editor, / Sir: Nature and creation must be far-sighted, for they have endowed the "type" with a good constitution and a robust from of body or else he might possibly have to yield to all the instances of the public--for they never praise his merits--but as it is, with the assistance of the "Devil," he is able to bear the load and withstand their shot. It is true that "genius proposes and the almighty typo disposes," and if it was not to, the party of the "typo" to dispose, it would take more than two Philadelphia lawyers to interpret some of the manuscript that is brought for publication; but circumstances compel us to deviate from prudent rules, namely; "follow copy." If, in some instances--and that very often--the manuscript was published in its originality, it would be most laughable to those concerned in the interpretation of it, but it would be as a blank to most of our patrons, for the DEMOCRAT could not "stand the press" of hiring interpreters to go around and read the paper for each subscriber. Trusting that you and the public will overlook our weaknesses, as we advance in years and experience, we hope to profit by chastisements. TYPO.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

May 21, 1881 - p. 3 under "Remarkable Aquatic Adventure."

On last Saturday Mr. John Astle of Montpelier, with a load of butter and eggs for the Co-op. Store of that place, drove up to the ferry on Bear River, with the intentions of crossing on the boat. The pitch that leads to the boat is very steep, and Mr. Astle for some reason did not apply the brake. The consequence was, the impetus he received from the down grade prevented him from remaining on the boat after he had got on, and team, wagon and driver found themselves in deep water. Mr. Astle not being able to swim, climbed up on his bows and the team swam gallantly for the opposite bank. Here it was too steep for them to climb out and they turned round and made for the side they went in at. Here they were successful in making a landing, and all got out without damage, having accomplished one of the most remarkable voyages on record.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

May 21, 1881 - p. 3 under local news.

FENCE A NEW ISSUE.--No local matter is of more importance to us than that of keeping our fences in good repair, and saving our crops from the ravages of stock. As new issues are in order, we will propose this for one, and gentlemen, don't forget it; we will fight it out on this line if it takes all summer.

[Twice more in the same issue the newspaper commented on the fence situation as follows:] [Further on--] N.B.--Put up your fences and turn the stock out of the fields. [Another note in far right news column.] N.B.--Put up your fences and turn the stock out of the fields.

{* see fences - Feb. 26, 1881, May 28, 1881, July 9, 1881, July 23, 1881}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

May 28, 1881 - p. 2 under "A NEW ISSUE but on an OLD SUBJECT."

We withdraw our editorial attention from the political cauldron in which are boiling and stewing an unsavory succotash of dead locks, star route frauds, presidential and senatorial surprises and counter surprises, and direct it to a matter of great importance which, if our readers please, we will dub "A New Issue. " It is by no means however, a new subject, but one as old as our settlement in this valley, and on it has been expended much anxious thought and study of bishops, teachers, committees and other dignitaries, and has been the cause of many protracted meetings and caucuses of our farmers; we refer to the familiar subject of fences.

It was thought by most of us when we first settled Bear Lake Valley, that as timber was very plentiful we would have the luxury of good and efficient fences, as we had experience in other places a great deal of trouble through poor fences and unruly stock. For mutual benefit and accommodation, we adopted the plan of joint enclosures and it was required of each to build a good fence proportionate in amount to the quantity of land he had in the field, and furthermore, to keep it in good repair. Stock were to be turned out of the fields in the spring at a time appointed by mutual consent, and were not to be turned in, in the fall until the crops were secured. All this was very wise and proper, and far better than each farmer laboring to fence in his own little field to itself.

But it was with our fences as with some people's religion, the theory was far better than the practice; some have been careless and have not kept their fences in good repair; others have allowed their stock to run in the fields long after the time appointed to turn them out, and again have turned them into the fields in the fall before their neighbors' crops were secured, and the result has been the loss in the aggregate of thousands of dollars in grain and other products that have been needlessly destroyed. This evil instead of getting less, is growing until we are forced to cry out "how long, oh ye farmers, is such a state of things to continue?" The destruction of grain is not the only nor even the chief loss. The kindly ties that should bind neighbors and friends are broken, confidence is measurably destroyed and many bitter feelings and quarrels are engendered. Is there no cure for this? We say confidently there is, but it must be universal in its application. Our readers probably noticed a hint in last week's paper. We told the printer to put it in more than one place so that no one should overlook it. We think he did. This week we told him to print it in the Danish and other languages. If stock are still in the fields next week, we will try CAPS and ITALICS. We are in grim earnest and respectfully ask the co-operation of bishops, teachers, field committees and all lovers of peace, goodwill and justice. Let each man who owns fence see to it that it is in good repair, and let no man who wishes to be considered a good citizen, turn his horses and cattle into the fields to destroy his neighbors' crops. Remember that as the strength of a boiler is guaged [sic –gauged] by its weakest and most defective part, so is the efficacy of a fence to be measured by its poorest panels.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

May 28, 1881 - p. 3 under "Local Items."

N.B.--Macht cure fencen and treibt das Vich aus dem felde.
N.B.--Put up deres fences og torn deres keatur ut tor filen.
N.B.-- Cauiwch y cauja cumrioych go fel och cattal.
[Transcriber's assumption-- instructions on what to do with their fences in other languages.]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

June 4, 1881 - p. 2 under "Communicated."

LAKE TOWN, May 30, 1881.

Editor Democrat: Please give space for meanderings from Soda Springs, hither. In the absence of the means of crossing Bear River, the road traveled by the mail from Soda to Oxford was the next resource. This leads south by west through a large extent of excellent grazing, extending from the hills on the west to the river water facilities being the only obstacle to settlement.

The first human abode reached, lay at the foot of a ravine down which a small rivulet rippled; a kind of miniature ranch, with only three horses visible, until a reconnoiter of the surroundings discovered a lone "celestial" squatting in a half-rod garden patch, as complacently peaceful as if in his own sunny Asia. Our curiosity satiated in the fact that he was the sole occupant of this mail station, we continued the windings through the hills which introduced us to Gentile Valley, at the other end of which we concluded to be considerably Gentile, the main portion of the people we sought being on the east side of the river. With an eye to business however, I visited each denizen; meeting the mail at the sprightly and hospitable Mrs. C. Goodell's, whose "sub" we received and left impressed with her ability to cater for the traveler. Having passed two stations and several trains of teams and men on route for the railroad, sunset found me pulling up for the night, at the third, at the foot of the hills bounding the north of Cache Valley. Treasure Town, is comprised of a few ranches, and enjoys, because of its isolation, a Post office.

With an early start next morning I was able before noon to make calls in the pretty little town of Oxford, with its enterprising Bp. Fisher, Land Office and urban Prosecution Attorney, W. Crawford, up to the elbows in business. Visiting through Clifton I arrived at Chadville, Five mile Creek, at eve, and appreciated the hospitality of Bro. Stephen Callen. The undeveloped resources of the west side of Cache Valley, indicates a recent settling and a prosperity yet in the future; reaching its southern settlement, Newton, on the morning of Saturday the 21st inst. I crossed the nearest bridge over the 'Bear.' On the west side some depth of water had flooded the approaching flat, making it difficult for loaded teams to reach the bridge; but through some filling up of gulleys it was rendered passable. That known as Packer's bridge, further north, had also undergone recent repairs and was also pronounced a safe crossing. I spent a pleasant time in Franklin on Sunday in their Sabbath School, of large attendance, under the able superintendence of Bro. Isaac Nash; also at their meeting in a very fine rock edifice, capacious and finely furnished. Further north on Worm Creek is a stirring, extensive settlement to be known as Preston, with several old resident of Bear Lake who sanguinely anticipated spreading themselves, under the care of their energetic Bp. Nahum Porter. All hands and the cook are busy on their water ditch of large capacity, drawing from Cub Creek up in the hills, and deemed a sure thing to irrigate a large tract of country. The land is of a sandy loam and fertile. The petition "Give us room that we may dwell," is being answered upon the people.

On returning to Franklin, I visited the co-operative woollen mill, under the superintendency of S. R. Parkinson. The building is a frame one and not overly expensive; with good machinery, comprising one set of 40 inch cards, two spinning jacks of 240 spindles each, one double double-and twister--said to be the the [sic] only one in this mountain country--six narrow and one blanket looms, and one shear machine. The capacity is 4 pairs of blankets, 100 yards of cloth, and 40 lbs. of stocking yarn per diem; employing about 20 hands. This with their blacksmith shop and mercantile branches gives co-operation a solid basis in Franklin; at the same time leaving a fair margin for friend W. L. Webster to prosper upon in his line of general merchandise, as also Sister Kingwood in millinery.

Smithfield is laying the foundation of a fine tabernacle 91x49 1/2 feet and 25 feet to the ceiling, with gallery and tower; while Providence bloom in her orchards and gardens, with her mercantile Co-op. without opposition, branching out with a lumber, lath and shingle mill, and Bro. W. W. Low with a firm hand at the helm of the institution. Logan fosters U. O., and it prospers in its numerous branches in mercantile and manufacture.

Under the management of such men as C. O. Card and C. Nibley, there is a confidence that gives breath and stability, and demands the union and sustaining of the people; growth into permanency being the sure result. T. B. Cardon makes a very fine show of watches and jewelry, and his photograph gallery and appointments, honor him as an artist. McAlister & Sons are to the front in an extensive business in saddlery and harness. Logan looms up as a manufacturing and mercantile mart; and withal, Temple building wells deep in the affection of the people, maintain-ing their honored lead and fidelity in the good work, which when disrobed of scaffolding, will be to their city a great adorning and centre of attraction. As we stood on the solid timbers of its roof, an inspiration whispered, "beautiful for situation, the pride of the whole North."

In returning home by way of Blacksmith Fork Canyon, I take pleasure in noting, that from gate to gate it is a good carriage road; in many places shaded over with its beautiful foliage of blossom and green; the wild cherry and thorn vying to fill the air with sweet perfume; ever the humble willow pushing to the front the "eat-tail" where no eats grow, with now and again the bluebell modestly nodding on the banks of the rushing stream, pouring forth its music from the ripple to the roar as you pass along; in all lending an enchantment, proclaiming with emphasis the precedence of nature to all art in his fascinations. The route through the hills is bearable. The "Danish dugway" still lies in the path, and in one point seemed a little more "Danish" than we have seen it. At the head of our own little "Cottonwood," the bank was washed out, settling the north side of the bridge, not fit for crossing. In two washes cut in the canyon the side-hill has to be resorted to be comfortable or safe. Our road commissioners for Rich County read the DEMOCRAT, and if any of them don't they ought to, and will please take notice.

Found Lake Town about the same distance from the Lake as on leaving, and still a few men, neither in the timbers nor on the railroad. Those circumstances has confronted our efforts all through Bear Lake and the great portion of Cache Stakes; still we are pleased to report an aggregate of 182 new patrons to our subscription list with a very flattering prospect ere the year closes. The DEMOCRAT has a host of friends who yet "Abide their time" for a closer association. H. F.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

June 4, 1881 - p. 3 under "Local Items."

PRESIDENT C.C. RICH has somewhat recovered form his temporary backset and again takes his airings this beautiful weather.
- - -
ELDER HENRY MARGETTS of Pair, Bear Lake, returns home from his mission to England by the 21st of May company.
- - -
HON. WILLARD CRAWFORD District Attorney for this 3d Judicial District, and whose arrival we noted in our last issue has been very busy all the week receiving delinquent taxes. The delinquents appears, as Judge Crawford is determined to do his official duty even to the collection of delinquent taxes by suit. We hope this will not be resorted to except in extreme cases. It is a hard time to get money, but it is only just, to those who have paid their taxes promptly, that others who are delinquent should make some little sacrifices to pay up, that the financial burden of running the county may no devolve on a few.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

June 11, 1881 - p. 2 under "HASTY JUDGMENT."

If the proverb "He that judges a matter before he hears it is not wise," be true, then are there many foolish people in the world, at least, in this respect. Nothing is more common than to hear people judging and expressing their opinions of matters and things they know little about. One would naturally think that the frequency with which such persons have to revise and change their judgments, when then become better acquainted with the facts, would cure them of this foolish habit. But this is not generally the case, and though often mistaken, they are ready as ever to give an opinion not asked for, and pass a judgment that time again compels them to reverse.

"If not so frequent, would not this be strange, That 'tis so frequent, this is stranger still." We would have no respect for a judge on the bench, whose judgments had to be continually reversed, either by himself or others, and we feel something of the same contempt for those persons who, in private life are noisily giving their judgments and opinions of everything that the treacherous tongue of scandal or the busy voice of rumor brings to their notice.

No good purpose is served by hasty judgment, but a great deal of harm is often the result. If a man wished to have his opinion valued he should be careful in the first place, that it be a correct one, and based on a perfect knowledge of the matter in question; and secondly, he should rather require it to be sought after by others, than to be gratuitously advertising it himself. People place a higher value on a good thing that they have a little difficulty in obtaining, than on an equally good thing that is as it were thrown into their faces.

A wise man will be careful and chary of his opinion, as a well trained soldier of his fire. The raw and inexperienced recruit is tempted to pop away at the first head that shows itself whether of friend or foe, and often blazes away at a long ranged object with a short-ranged gun, but the careful veteran will calculate the distances and probabilities, and when he fires it generally counts. So with the opinions and judgments of men. To some we are ever ready to accord respect and attention, for we know their aim is directed with prudence and skill, but we do not place much reliance on those who are hasty and inconsiderate in their judgments, for they are oftener wrong than right.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

June 11, 1881 - p. 2 under "Communicated." Grand Central Hotel / New York, May 27, 1881.

Editor Democrat: Before leaving your beautiful valley I read of persons in New York prostrate with sunstroke, and consequently expecting to find it intensely hot. I was therefore agreeably surprised in finding a cool pleasant atmosphere, neither too hot nor too cold. From Evanston to Omaha, Mr. George Crisman of Salt Lake City, was my traveling companion, whose knowledge of the road and some of the railroad officials, enhanced the pleasure of the trip. Mr. Crisman had at that time about 300 teams between Granger and Bear River, and nothing for them to do. Some teams had had been lying idle for two weeks waiting the tardy action of the surveyor. On his arrival at Omaha he expected to make those railroad men "get up and dust."

It is nearly 24 years since I made the trip from Council Bluffs to Salt Lake; it then took nearly three months; the return trip, the same number of days. The first was characterized with "bull whackers, buffalo chips, camp fires and stampedes." The latter, by the snorting "iron horse," which, rushing incessantly day and night seemed almost supreme in his power and grandeur. I tried to identify some of the old land marks, but excepting a very few object, all seemed new. And when gazing at some of the large cities of the plains, where a few years ago was no vestige of civilization, I could almost fancy I had been 20 years with Rip Van Winkle in the Catskill Mountains.

The floods have done considerable damage in the eastern part of Nebraska, and the western portion of Iowa, and through both of these States vegetation is very backward. The States of Ohio, Indiana and New Jersey, were altogether lovely. The last winter has been unusually severe in these States, and the snow drifts on the Chicago and Northwestern have been immense. Dr. Stennett showed me several views photographic, in some of which were represented the men Cutting trenches in the snow, and throwing the snow 48 feet high; they would them put chains around a square block of 15 or 20 tons and snake it out, and repeat the same until the road was clear.

I found it necessary to lie over one day in Pittsburg, and being Sunday, dropped into the first Presbyterian church, and heard Dr. Schoville tell all about the efficacy of the prayers of the saints, and satisfied his hearers that the praying man, and the praying woman had a sure and unfailing passport to the "mansions in the skies." Your correspondent was a little skeptical on the subject, and if the court had been open, would have presented a demurrer. Waiving doctrinal formalities and difference in creed, he joined with the congregation in singing one of the grand old hymns and tunes he had not sung since a boy, and gave a solid bass, as sonorous, if not as sympathetic, as the best christian of them all.

On arrival at New York, I found Elder Wm. C. Staines anxiously looking for me. His health is much improved, but feels that he needs a season's vacation to fully recuperate. His numerous friends in this city all regret his departure, and express the highest regard and best wishes for his welfare. He left last evening for his mountain home, and carries with him the esteem and friend-ship of a host of the leading business men of New York, and the unlimited confidence of all who know him.

The all-absorbing topic during the last two weeks, has been the Cronkling-Platt fiasco, which is likely to terminate in their consignment to private life for some years to come. Platt is regarded as a little poodle at the side of his august master; yet strange if true, and Conkling makes the assertion, that if was Platt who first conceived the brilliant idea, and proposed the resignation dodge, illustrating Dundreary's figure of "the tail wagging the dog;" both will most likely come to grief. It was at first supposed that Mr. Conkling had chosen retirement from public life, but events of the last few days have dispelled this idea. Instead of going home and sustaining the assumed dignity of his former greatness, he humiliated himself and his friends by going to the State Capital and announcing himself a candidate for re-election, and personally logrolling for re-nomination.

But this political Samson is shorn of his strength; the chairman of the Senate caucus committee bluffed him, and all administration republicans have pledged themselves to vote against him, and it would be said in western phraseology, "his cake is all dough." He is said to have bitterly and violently accuse vice-President Arthur, who has been wire-pulling and lobbying for him in Albany, with deceiving him three times concerning public sentiment--first, at the Chicago convention; second, at Washington, and now at Albany the most humiliating position of them all.

Conkling and his friends made mighty effort during several days to convene the Senate Republican Caucus, hoping to obtain a majority therein, and bind the minority to support their nominees in the Senate. The administration republican under Judge Robertson, understood the dodge, and positively refused to go with the stalwarts into caucus, and left Vice President Arthur, Governor Cornell, Conklin and their followers to run their own machine, and step to their own music. Senator Woodin delivered yesterday in the State Senate, a scathing review of the action of their two Senators, denouncing in the strongest terms the two men, who, for unworthy motives, had deserted their posts of honor and left the empire State without representation in the national Senate, a situation unprecedented in American history.

The second company of Saints left Liverpool on the 21st, on the "Wyoming" steamship, and are expected here about the 31st inst.; the company numbers 278. Another company is expected the latter part of June by the same vessel.  I have lying before me a copy of the revised New Testament, many thousands of which have been sold during the last week. I am yet unable to discover any special merits in it, and the only special demerit that suggests itself, is the obliteration of chapters and verses, which make the old version so easy of reference. The text is probably as correct as any number of uninspired men could make it. The old version will no doubt be the most popular for many years to come.

You will learn by telegraph before this reaches you, of the sinking of the steamer "Victoria," on the River Thames, New London, Canada and the loss of over 200 souls, who were returning from a pleasure trip. The boat was overloaded, and took in water over its sides. The boiler not being fastened slid over, carrying with it the side of the vessel, the upper deck fell in upon the passengers below, and grim death held high carnival. From descriptions of the boat it must have been a veritable death trap.

Mr. David O. Calder is here and sill assist with the next company. He was examining yesterday, a group of Zion's celebrities, ten in number, who compose the present directory of Z.C.M.I., A gentleman present was discussing the relative faces, passing some high encomiums on the "tout ensemble," but pointing to David O. in the group, said: "he would take him for the fighting director." That gentleman assures me his face must libel his character, for he never fought in his life, and his sympathies are such that he dislikes to see others fighting; so we will score one against phrenology.

I have not doubt that you, as well your readers, dislike long communications, I will therefore conclude this "melange." With best wishes,

J. H. HART
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

June 11, 1881 - p. 2 under "AN ACT To Tax the Owners of Dogs in Bear Lake County, Idaho Territory."

Be it enacted by the Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Idaho as follows:

SECTION 1. An annual tax for school purposes is hereby levied on each and every dog, over the age of six months, kept in the County of Bear Lake, in the Territory of Idaho.

SEC. 2. It shall be the duty of the board of County Commissioners of Bear Lake County too furnish the Assessor of such county with blank receipt books with stubs for dog tax under this act. Which receipts shall be numbered and charged to the Assessor; Provided further, that assessors shall use no other receipts than those herein mentioned.

SEC. 3. It shall be the duty of the assessor of the County of Bear Lake to assess each dog over six months old in said county, and collect from their owner or owners two dollars per head each. In case any owner or owners of a dog or dogs refuse to pay the tax so assessed, it shall be the duty of the assessor to kill, or to have killed or destroyed, any dog or dogs whose owner or owners refuse too pay tax on the same, and also to kill or destroy all dogs for whom he can find no owner.

SEC. 4. It shall be the duty of the assessor of the County of Bear Lake, when any person pays him the tax on any dog assesed [sic] under this act, to give said person a receipt, showing the tax has been paid, with a description of said dog or dogs as near as may be, and said receipt shall be evidence that the on the dog described therein has been paid for that year, and such dog shall not be killed, or assessed again that year under this act.

SEC. 5. It shall be the duty of the assessor of Bear Lake County to make out a quarterly report, under oath, showing how many dogs he as assessed and collected on under this act, and also, showing how many dogs he has killed or caused to be killed or destroyed for failure to pay tax. He shall be allowed to retain ten per cent. of all taxes collected under this act; Provided further, that he shall be allowed to retain fifty cents for each and every dog killed or destroyed by him or by his authority under this act, the balance he shall pay over to the county treasurer for the credit of the school fund, taking his receipt therefore, and shall file said receipt, together with his quarterly report, with the auditor of the county, and he shall at the same time account for all receipts issued to him.

SEC. 6. This act to take effect and be in force from and after its passage. Approved February 10, 1881
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

June 11, 1881 - p. 2 under "AN ACT To Restrain the Herding of Sheep in Bear Lake County."

Be it enacted by the Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Idaho as follows:

SECTION 1. It shall not be lawful for any person or persons, owning or having charged of any sheep within the county of Bear Lake, to herd the same or permit them to be herded between the first day of April and the fifteenth day of October of each year, within two (2) miles of ay town, or within the same distance of any dairy or cheese factory having or using fifty cows or more for dairy purposes, except on the possessory claim of the owner or owners of such sheep.

SEC. 2. The owner or owners, or agent of such owners of sheep, violating section first of this act, on complaint of any party or parties, and on conviction thereof, before any justice of the peace in the precinct in which either of the parties may reside, shall be liable to a fine of not less than five nor more then twenty dollars, and costs of suit.

SEC. 3. All fines imposed and collected under the provisions of this act shall go into the county treasury, and become a part of the school fund: Provided, that this act shall not be applied to herds of sheep being driven with due diligence through the county.

SEC. 4. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after its passage. Approved January 28, 1881.

{* see sheep - Nov. 27, 1880, Jan. 29, 1881, June 18, 1881; July 2, 1881; July 9, 1881}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

June 11, 1881 - p. 3 under "Local Items."

Just Received - A Car Load of the BEST STUDEBAKER WAGONS ever brought to this Country at the Paris Co-op.

THE WEATHER.--It seems likely, from present appearances, that Bear Lakers are going to be cheated out of their usual snow storm this June; we can't even scare up a frost. Times have changed since Paris girls, went out May walking on snow shoes.

FISHY.--Bear Lake trout are very plentiful in Salt Lake City and Evanston, but very scarce in Bear Lake Valley.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

June 18, 1881 - p. 2 under "Mormons Interviewed. Judge A. C. Pyper and Hon. J. H. Hart Talk on Utah Affairs."

NEW YORK, [June] 8.--The firm attitude which Garfield has assumed regarding the suppression of polygamous practices in Utah has created widespread interest as to the measures to be adopted to that end, and how the Mormon people will act if an aggressive policy is determined upon. In view of this, a [New York] Herald reporter had a joint interview with Bishop Alexander C. Pyper and Elder Jas. H. Hart, of the Mormon Church, in the Grand Central Hotel last evening. Hart is a member of the Territorial Legislature of Idaho. Both gentlemen were in exceedingly good spirits, and talked about polygamy enthusiastically. A copy of the revised edition of the New Testament and an old Bible were the only books visible. Pyper is police magistrate in Salt Lake City.

Hart said: "Our people have confidence that Garfield intends to confine himself to the law in dealing with us, and we are also satisfied that under the law we can vindicate our cause. The Mormon Church upholds polygamy as strongly as ever. It is still a tenet of our Church which we preach and advocate everywhere. We hold to it as a religious principle, and whatever influence laws and existing circumstance may have for the prevention of its practical adoption, our belief will remain unchanged. The law prohibit murder, yet it cannot prevent it. So the law my proscribe polygamy and still be powerless to sweep it away. In Utah the Church will not come to the front and acknowledge the crime. Each individual must be personally responsible for his own acts in the future."

The Supreme Court of the United States has decided that the law prohibiting polygamy is constitutional. We accept that decision as the law of the land. Then why does your church advocate the commission of a crime as a religious doctrine?

"We do not think it is wrong but have to submit to superior force and numbers. Polygamy is not practiced to as great an extent as most people suppose. I presume that not more than seven per cent of the Mormon males have more than one wife each. Among the young people the practice of polygamy is not so popular as it once was. The trouble is that a young man now-a-days hesitates sometime before he assumes the responsibility of marrying more than one wife. It is an adventurous undertaking to provide for Mormon families, and one which has discouraged our young men considerably. You would be surprised to know that in Utah there are ten per cent less women than men."

"Yes,' interrupted Bishop Pyper, "before I came away from Salt Lake City, I advised all young men there in my district by saying that I must send them to New York for wives. In Utah we have as a local governing power the legislature and the Governor. The latter is not elected but is appointed by the President. He possesses the extraordinary power of final veto upon any act of the legislature. There is no appeal from his decision. Now the Governor is generally selected from some one of the States and having not landed interest or permanent residence in the Territory he has nothing in common with the people who are compelled to submit to his absolute dictum.

The Governor cannot as a rule, rid his mind of principles contracted in a Christian community and generally vetoes any measures passed in the interest of the people. The result of last election shows how unjust this is and how a Mormon representative only can do justice to the large masses. In the contest over the election of Territorial Delegate to Congress in November, the democrats and republicans united against the Mormons as they always do. Our party is called the people's party. The opposition polled 1,300 votes for their candidate, while our nominee was elected on 18,000 votes. This will serve to illustrate the preponderance of Mormon interests and is the strongest possible argument in favor of letting us have the power of regulating our own local affairs. Utah will never give up the effort to enter the Union, while United States officials keep up their constant war upon us. Why, we have stood ten times as much from these officers as any other community would without striking back. But there is one thing which Americans need never fear, we cannot be tempted to act as the southerners did at Fort Sumpter. Although the republic treats us badly, still we love its flag, respect its laws and will fight for its principles. The people in the country surrounding us seem to feel bitterly toward the Mormons. I don't know why, our men are manly and our women are virtuous. A Mormon married gentleman does not do as a married man in the refined east, deceive a woman and then throw her and her child upon the world to starve or live a life of shame. He has the courage and honor to give that woman his name, to assume the responsibilities of providing for her and her children and gives her a happy home."

Pyper said that Beecher was greatly admired by the Mormon people. After lecturing there he left a good impression. They are not enthusiastic about Talmage whose style they regard as too jerkey and harsh. It is strange, said he, that with such liberal men among them, Christians should be so intolerant and bigoted. I don't wonder that t his age produces men like Col. Ingersoll and Thomas Payne, for I think I would have been an Infidel myself if I had not become a Mormon.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

June 18, 1881 - p. 3 under "Local Items."

NOW THAT we have had such good rains, probably the farmers will quit irrigating the roads. THERE IS very little sickness at present in Bloomington, the schools are again started.
- - - - - - -
FROM ALL we can learn the "boys" who have gone from home to work on the railroad, have not generally made a financial success. The time lost in hunting work, and expenses for team and board, bring profits down very low. Quite a few did not succeed in getting work at all, as the supply of labor exceeded the demand. --The Bear Lake Democrat, June 18, 1881.

June 18, 1881 - p. 2 under "COMMUNICATED." / "SHEEP."

June 13, 1881.

Editor Democrat: In looking over the columns of the DEMOCRAT my eye was attracted by the heading of a law passed by the last session of the legislature entitled, "To restrain the herding of sheep in Bear Lake County. There is nothing singular about this, as a number of the laws have been published in like manner, but what looks so inconsistent to me, is to see large flocks of sheep herded close to the settlements, in open defiance to the above mentioned law, and regardless of the rights of neighbors. There must be something radically wrong here. Perhaps the citizens of this County made a mistake in sending Messrs. Budge, Hart and Rich to represent them in the legislature last winter. Perhaps they should have sent the sheep owners, then we would have no law passed to interfere with the woolley denizens of the prairie from roaming at pleasure over our ranges, pastures, field, and city lots.

We can appreciate a good mutton crop, also know the comfort there is in wearing a good woollen garment, but we consider it will be "paying too much for the whistle" to raise them in our city lots or close to our settlements where they eat the feed that should be eaten by the cows, calves and teams; but this is not all: To herd large flocks of sheep, as some of our good (?) citizens are doing close to our settlements will in an incredibly short time destroy the feed--kill it out--for the truth of this assertion it is only necessary to obtain the evidence of settlers in Southern or Central Utah.

We do not for a moment believe that the legislature made a mistake in passing this law, and we fully endose [sic- endorse] the action of our Representatives in faithfully carrying out the instructions of their constituents in this matter. Then why is the law trampled upon? And why are the rights of the people set at naught by a few sheep owners? who, to say the least, are certainly not law-abiding citizens, far less good Latter-day Saints. The only conclusion your correspondent is able to arrive at is this: These few rely upon the peaceful disposition of their neighbors, who seem to be more willing to suffer loss and inconvenience, than to enter a complaint; and thus the evil continues. But should such men--under such circumstances—be respected or sustained in any position among Latter-day Saints? We think not! And without claiming to be a prophet, we can safely predict that at no distant day the popular feeling will burst forth and condemn the actions of such men, if not the men themselves. So I hope for their sakes that they will see the necessity of locating their ranches sufficiently far back in the hills that their sheep will not interfere with the rights of their neighbors, break no law, and have their sheep on better feed than can be found adjacent to the settlements. / Yours respectfully, SCIPIO.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

June 25, 1881 - p. 2 under "BRIBERY."

Of all the calumnies resorted to by the enemies of the Mormons, nothing is more ridiculous than the charge of bribery. We must be possessed of unlimited wealth to accomplish one tenth of what we are accused of in this direction. When senator Sargent of California, disgusted with some of the unconstitutional and persecuting features of the Poland bill, and by showing them up in their true light, induced the senate to reject them, the howl went up that the Mormons had bribed him.

It was true he did his duty, and certainly has never manifested any particular affection for the Mormons, but for him or any fair minded man to say a word in favor of this unpopular people, is sufficient cause for an accusation of bribery. President Garfield was once similarly accused because he manifest a little friendliness on the occasion of a visit to Salt Lake. And now the Mormons are accused of bribing clerk Adams of the House of Representatives, because that gentleman had sense and justice enough to put Hon. Geo. Q. Cannon's name on the roll of the next House, as the duly elected delegate from Utah Territory. Certainly Mr. Adams should not be blamed for performing so obvious a duty. At the same time it was rather had on Mr. Campbell, who, when he applied for a salary of an office he had labored so faithfully to steal, was told he could not get it.

Of all sad words he heard that day, The saddest were these "You can't get pay." The Mormons find use enough for all the money they can get, without spending it in the now fashionable way of buying politicians.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

June 25, 1881 - p. 3 under "Local Items."

ANOTHER slight frost on Thursday night cut down potato tops in Bloomington and Paris. The editor's potato patch escaped, thus demonstrating the grand truth, that the frost, as well as the wind, is tempered to the shorn lamb.
- - -
WE ARE NOW enjoying that kind of weather that convinces Bear Lakers they do not wish to Go to Arizona after all. The thermometer occasionally touches the nineties in the heat of the day, but cools off in a wonderful manner after sundown. It cooled off so much a few nights ago that some folks who incautiously left their garden truck out of doors without blanketing, found it the next day in deep mourning. But the days are warm and the vegetation is just now taking that rapid growth that so rejoices the heart of the farmer. If fall frosts hold off well, Bear Lake will rejoice in a splendid harvest. There is one drawback however, to this anticipation, and that is the danger that threatens us from stock depredation. Unless some of our fences are put in better repair, or our fields guarded, there will be a large amount of grain destroyed, at least around Paris and Bloomington.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 2, 1881 - p. 2 under "Communicated." PARIS, June 21, 1881.

Editor Democrat:  Will you please give space in your columns of the following, in answer to an article entitled "Sheep," which I feel in duty bound should be answered, as the reputation of some of our best men are assailed simply because they are so unfortunate as to be sheep owners. Let us see what "Scipio" says:

He says, "Perhaps it was a mistake in sending Messrs. Budge, Hart and Rich to the Legislature to represent the people, perhaps it would have been better to have sent the sheep owners," now there may be more truth than poetry in that, for let me tell "Scipio" that there is just as good men and just us competent and just as law abiding, (and may be more so, who knows,) that are sheep owners. Next he (Scipio) says, "we can appreciate a good mutton crop." He speaks the plain truth and also "know the comfort of a good woollen garment." He also says, that "large flocks of sheep are herded close to the settlements, in defiance of law. I deny that, as there is only one large flock in the County and that only ten or twelve hundred, which would be counted very small in Utah. Next he says, "we do not for a moment believe that the legislature made a mistake in passing this law, and we fully endorse the action of our Representatives in faithfully carrying out the instructions of their constituents," now "Scipio," you certainly are not posted, or you are willful in the manner, for let me tell your that the constituents of the members, knew little or nothing about such a law going to be brought before the Legislature until it was passed by that body. Then "Scipio" says in [h]is wrath, "why is the law trampled upon and the rights of the people set at naught by a few sheep owners, who to say the least, are certainly not law abiding citizens, for less good Latter-day Saints?" Now that is to the point according to "Scipio's" idea.

Let us see who are the sheep owners of Bear Lake County, and then leave the people to judge whether they are good Latter-day Saints or not. Among them are Prest. C. C. Rich, Prest. Geo. Osmond, Bp. Jenson, Bp. Hunt, Samuel Matthews, J. A. Sutton, John Cozzens and many others who believe and know that they are as good, as truthful and as law abiding as "Scipio." Again "Scipio" say, "we predict that at no distant day that popular feeling will burst forth and condemn the actions of such men, if not the men themselves." Now my fellow sheep owners, beware and look to it, that you keep the law or your doom is sure to come, for "Scipio" says so.

SHEEP OWNER
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 2, 1881 - p. 3 under "Local Items."

We have received a lengthy communication from "Rustic," treating on the proximity of corrals, pig-styes and other outhouses, to the dwellings of a number of citizens of this valley, being promoters of fevers and other malignant diseases. We would be pleased to have published it, but for lack of space it is crowded out However, his observations and reasonings are correct according to our views, and we would recommend that steps be taken, as a sanatory object, to prevent the accummulation of deleterious matter, and for the proper draining of localities where it is necessary, and also for the introduction of pure and wholesome water, that our sanitary system may be improved and to stop the ravages of epidemics.

We received a communication from "Anonymous," but we don't know him.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Advertisements in the July 2 issue:

1). The Liberty Saw-mill Co . orders left with Walter Hoge, Paris, or Wm. Smith at the mill.
2). "Fifteen men and twelve Ox teams Wanted for logging in Nouman Canyon -monthly pay in cash.
3). Mrs. Calloway Milliner and Dressmaker, St. Charles, Id.
4). F. A. Pomeroy, Assayer, Paris, Id.
5). Bloomington Co-op. Saw-Mill -
6). Attorney at Law - Willard Crawford, Oxford, Id. C. M. While, Evanston, Wyo.
7). FISH WAGON DEPOT - at Ogden, Ut. full stock of reapers, Mowers, self-binders, steel beam plows- Local agents at Montpelier Co-op.; Byron H. Allred, Garden City, Ut.; Laketown Co-op store, Laketown, Ut.
8). Z.C.M.I. Soda Springs, Id.
9). A. W. Pohlzon, merchant tailor, Evanston, Wyo.
10). City Drug Store, Wm. Driver & Son at Ogden, Utah.
11). Democrat Job Print - posters, blanks and cards. Paris, ID.
12). St. Charles Co-operative Store, St. Charles, Id.
13). L. H. Lezars, Evanston, Wyo. - wines, liquors, tobacco and cigars.
14). Beckwith & Co. Bankers, Evanston, Wyo.
15). T. W. Horsley, Paris, Id. - Dry goods, groceries, Boots, shoes and general merchandise. Agents for --Organs, musical instruments, books, sewing machines.
16). Beckwith, Quinn & Co. Stock Range - 50 miles north of Evanston, Wyo.
17). United States Land Office, Oxford, Id.
18). Granger and Bear River Ferry on Bear River near Bridger Ford.
19). The Pioneer Blacksmith Shop, Evan A. Williams - all branches of blacksmithing.
20). Blythe & Pixley, Evanston, Wyo. - Dry goods, groceries and general merchandise
21). Beckwith, Quinn & Co., Evanston, Wyo. - "The Largest Dealers in General Merchandise in the West."
22). Bloomington Co-operative Store and Cheese Factory - dry goods, groceries, boots, shoes, glass, nails and "farm utensils," Cheese, wholesale and retail.
23). Montpelier Co-operative Institution, Montpelier, Id. -"Everything usually found in a First Class Store." "Articles of SALT from the Montpelier Works, always on hand."
24). Edward Burgoyne, Montpelier, Id. - dry goods, groceries, boots and shoes.
25). James Code, Evanston, Wyo. - Blacksmithing.
26). Thomas J. Smedley, Pioneer Brick Maker, Paris, Id. - best quality brick.
27). Paris Co-Operative Institution, Paris, Id. - general merchandise, Leather, reapers, mowers, horse rakes, Studebakr wagons and Home Produce "For which they will Always Pay the Highest Market Price." - Robert Price, Manager.
28). Wolley Brothers - Tinware, stoves and hardware; furniture, sewing machines, Wagon material, wagons and machines, farming implements.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

* * * * {PRESIDENT GARFIELD SIDE BAR—}

James A. Garfield was shot in Washington, D.C. on July 2, 1881, less than four months after taking office as the twentieth President. He died eleven weeks later on Sept. 19, 1881. One of more important shortcoming of the cooperative construction of a local weekly like the Democrat was the almost total lack of important news, especially current events, in the portion published by the cooperative newspaper publisher (front page and last page). In the case of President James A. Garfield absolutely nothing would be given on his shooting, his lingering condition and death on the front page of the weekly paper the Democrat. Thus, it was left to the local editors at Paris, Idaho, on the inside pages (second and third pages) of their newspaper to local news and whatever current events they desired in their paper.

The coverage of the events around President Garfield by this paper and other Mormon related papers was surprisingly large for two basic reasons: first, they found it an easy springboard to rehearse for the Nth time the standard fare of their persecution and the unfairness of the government in allowing it; and second, they did not want a repeat of a rather ugly feature of some thirty years previous when President Zachary Taylor died in July of 1850. When during a burst of anti-government rhetoric Brigham Young said, among other things, that American hero, "Old Rough and Ready,"--the deceased President Zachary Taylor, was dead, damned and in hell. When government officials suggested something like a public apology might be well, Young countered confirming Taylor was dead and gone to hell. The real upstart to it all was it became fodder for the anti-Mormon forces as they raged that the Mormons were anti-American, anti-government, un-loyal who delighted in the death of the popular American President.

Three decades later with the death of President James A. Garfield, the Mormons were determined to not let this happen again, and therefore they bent over backward in their coverage of Garfield being exceedingly more favorable to the dead President than they were of his few actions of his four-month presidency. This coverage took extra care and measure in handling anything after President Garfield was shot in early July of 1881.

The dating will continue in chronological format with the Garfield items placed among the other items extracted from the pages of this newspaper.} * * * * [End of side bar.]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 9, 1881 - p. 2 under "Mormonphobia."

We are sorry to learn that Gov. Neil is still afflicted with this dreadful complaint. If fact, it seems to be striking deeper in; the hot weather so doubt being favorable to the development of this malignant fever. Of course, our sorrow is entirely on his Excellency's account, as he, poor man, is the one who has to suffer. We have, in our time, seen many men of fine promise and prospects, who have been stricken with this dire complaint and the consequences have always been disastrous to themselves. We learn by the Statesmen that the Governor has got the 'cancer' development of the complaint, which is a very bad sign. Stephen A. Douglas got that far and there he stopped, for a blight came over his political aspirations and his dreams of honor and advancement were rudely disturbed by defeat and humiliation.

Gov. Neil has been to the Wood River country and was well received. . . . At Bellevue he made a speech which was in the man replete with good sense. . . . These sensible remarks, however, were followed by a philippic against polygamy, he referring to it as the hydra-headed monster, which, cancer like, was eating away and destroying many an American home in this fair county. There, Governor, you missed it, for polygamy instead of destroying homes is making them. In fact, it has been making homes a little too fast to suit our enemies; but we do know of a certain vice that is very prevalent in the land, and report says it is not unknown in the fair city of Boise, and which, instead of making homes is destroying them. We would ask you Governor, what are homes without wives and Children? And this vice we speak of but which you seldom allude to, does not make wives, and produces but very few children. True, it is product of assignation houses, but you certainly do not mean them when you speak of American homes. . . .
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 9, 1881 - p. 2 under "An Account of the Shooting of President Garfield."

He received Two Bullets; one of Which Will Probably Cause His Death.

WASHINGTON, 2.--Prest. Garfield was shot twice, at the Baltimore and Ohio R. R. Depot, Washington, this morning. No Particulars. 9:30 a.m.--Prest. Garfield was shot this morning at the Baltimore & Potomac Depot. Col. Corbin has just passed in the President's carriage with a physician on the way to the Baltimore & Potomac Depot.

10 a.m.--President Garfield is now lying in a private room in the officers' quarters of the Baltimore & Potomac Depot. Dr. Bliss, Surgeon General Barnes and Dr. Purvis (colored) are in attendance.

10 a.m.--It is reported that President Garfield is dead, but the excitement is so intense that it is impossible to find out anything definite at present. The man who shot him has been arrested. Full particulars will be sent shortly. The shooting was done by a slender man; about five foot seven inches in height. He refused to give his name, but it is said, by persons who profess to know him, that his name is Dooty. The prisoner was arrested immediately after the firing by officers in the depot. . . . Secretary Blaine, on hearing the pistol shots, two in number, rushed in the direction from which they came; with a view of arresting the would-be assassin. Before reaching the man, however, the Secretary returned to the President, and found him prostrated. Both shots took effect, the first in the right arm and the second just above the right hip and near the kidneys. The physicians have probed for the balls unsuccessfully.

The following are special details: At 9:30 o'clock this morning when President Garfield was at the Baltimore and Potomac Depot, with his party, waiting to take the train, he was shot twice by a man within two feet of him. The President's friends rushed to him as he fell. Blaine called for Rockwell. The Station agent Carney, arrested the assassin who said: "I did it. I am a stalwart and Arthur is now President. Take a letter I have here to Gen. Sherman and he will tell you all about it." The President's wounds are now said not to be mortal.. . . The man who shot him wrote his name on a card as Charles Gitteau, Attorney-at-law, Chicago. . . .

The Assassin's Letter. The following is a copy of the letter the assassin wanted delivered to Gen. Sherman: July 2, 1881.

The White House President's tragic death was a sad necessity, but it will united the republican party and save the republic. Life is a flimsy dream and it matters little when one goes. A human life is a small value. During the war a thousand brave boys went down without a tear. I presume the Prest. was a Christian and that he will be happier in Paradise than here. . . . I had no ill will toward the President. His death was a political necessity. I am a lawyer, a theologian and politician.

I am in the interest of the stalwarts. I was with General Grant and the rest of our men in New York during the canvass. I have some papers for the press which I shall leave with Byron Andrew, the Inter-Ocean correspondent and his coadjurors at 1420 New York Avenue, where all reporters can see them. I am going to the jail.

(Signed) CHAS. GITTEAU.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 9, 1881 - p. 2 under "Assassination of President Garfield."

Gitteau's name and crime is sure of a place in all subsequent written histories; it may have been that a morbid desire for such notoriety, was a prime factor in the motives that led to the dastardly and cruel act. Although it is held to be infamous to die and not be missed, it is however, far more infamous to have one's memory preserved in such a connection, and it can be said of Gitteau it would have been far better had he never been born.

Whether President Garfield will survive this attempted upon his life, is problematic at this writing. It is, however, almost certain that he will die, and in that case speculation as to the changes his death will bring about will soon be rife. Doubtless there is already great anxiety in the hearts of many who may expect be injured or benefited by such an unexpected event. But in the bosom of his own immediate family there will be the same feelings of inconsolable grief at their great loss. . . .To others he was the gifted mane, the successful politician, and President of the United States . . . .
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 9, 1881 - p. 2 under "COMMUNICATED." PARIS, July 5, 1881.

Editor Democrat:  We again take up the sheep matter, in answer to "Sheep Owner"; not that we wish to manifest a spirit of contention, but to contend for principle, right and Justice. "The greatest good for the greatest number" being our motto, and the welfare of the whole people, our aim and object.

We here take the opportunity to state our appreciation of the DEMOCRAT, a medium through which, among other things, evils can be advertised and a unanimity of feeling arrived at, that will lead to their correction. If "Sheep Owner" may be taken as a fair representative of those who own sheep in this county, then we are more than ever convinced that the people did not make a mistake in sending Messrs.

Budge, Hart and Rich to the legislature last winter, as we are satisfied that any one of the above named gentlemen would feel belittled by having his name attached to such a document as Sheep Owners letter of June 21. As to large flocks of sheep, your correspondent has not taken pains to count the different herds, but we are fully satisfied that the flocks are sufficiently large to destroy a great amount of feed, and cause a great deal of ill feelings among the neighbors.

As to being "posted" or "willful" in regard to the instructions of our representatives about having a law passed, we can here state without fear of successful contradiction, that at the only political meeting, or rather convention, where the people of the different settlements were represented by their chosen delegates, the sheep matter was considered, and it was unanimously agreed to instruct our representatives, to endeavor to have a law passed "to restrain the herding of sheep adjacent to the settlements"—remember this was before the election, and consequently our representatives were elected with this understanding, and for this purpose, among others. Now, who is "posted" or "willful," and who is not? If "Sheep Owner" is a representative man, and one of those who "are just as good men, just as law abiding, and maybe more so," than Messrs. Budge, Hart and Rich are, why is it, that he who thinks his great abilities should carry him to the legislature, was not even elected a delegate to the convention? Surely the people are not aware of the great abilities of "Sheep Owner," or they do not properly appreciate his talents, else he would have been, at least, a delegate. But worse than all, he does not seem to know that such a convention was held, or such a matter as sheep-herding was brought up, for he says, "that the constituents of the members knew little or nothing about such a law going to be brought before the legislature until it was brought before the legislature until it was passed. He evidently confuses the word constituents with sheep owners, who were probably absent with their flocks when the convention was held.

Then again, "Sheep Owner" drags into a newspaper article, the names of some men whom we honor and respect too much to mention here, and we were under the impression that those men, from the offices they hold, the circumstances they are surrounded with, were held in too high esteem by the citizens of this county to have their names used in such a manner; but we are sorry to say the "Sheep Owner" is an exception.

We judge from the tenor of "Sheep Owners' remarks that he is one of those who are imposing on the rights of their neighbors, and consequently breaking the law by herding their sheep or having had them herded close to the settlements--and probably in their neighbors' city lots--since the 1st of April; but not content with this, he would like to misconstrue our former letter and have us include all sheep owners when we distinctly said "a few." Now for the benefit of "Sheep Owner" and in justice to a great many good men who are owners of sheep, we will in future divide them by designating one class--The Law-breaking sheep owners (those who persist in herding their sheep close to the settlements and destroying the feed that cows and calves or the poor and the widows should graze upon,) and the law abiding sheep owners (those who comply with the law and have their sheep herded at a distance from the settlements, where they injure no one, have good feelings with their neighbors and are best generally.)

In the letter referred to, the names of some Bishops are mentioned whom we can scarcely think are guilty of breaking the law in question. But if they are, let me remind "Sheep Owners" that it does not help his case any, as "an office never sanctifies a wrong." The President of the United States must be subject to law just as much as the most menial citizen of the republic. And should a Bishop, who should be an example, so far forget himself and the position he occupies, as to openly and defiantly break the law as "Sheep Owner" would fain have us believe, he cannot long wield an influence over his ward, and his teachings will be as "a sounding brass and a tinkling symbol;" but we cannot believe that Bishops are guilty of so flagrant an act.

We are under the impression that enough has been said on this subject, not for a moment feeling to back down from the position we have taken, for we know we are on the side of right, justice and law, and "we will fight it out on this line if it takes us all summer," aye, and winter too, if it is necessary to do so. But this matter is like something that is very obnoxious to the olfactory nerves, the more it is stirred the worse it smells; and for fear of ruffling "Sheep Owner's" feeling too much, we will quietly bid him adieu for the present, hoping however, that in future, instead of breaking the law and trampling under foot the rights of his neighbors, and then have the audacity to TRY and defend himself and his confreres through the columns of the DEMOCRAT, he will live above the law and regain the good feeling of his neighbors and friends which he has lost through persisting in a wrong. SCIPIO.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 9, 1881 - p. 1 under "COMMUNICATED."

FALESVILLE, Morgan Co., Ala. /June 21, 1881.

Editor Democrat: It is nine months this morning since I left Salt Lake City for the Southern States, to perform a mission. In about seventy hours I found myself in St. Louis, Mo., over fifteen hundred miles from home, we rested here two days and one night; parted with three of the Brethren who were going to other fields of labor, while two of us took cars for Nashville, Tenn., here we parted as his destination was Coffee Co., Tenn., while I was booked for Culiman Co., Ala., where I arrived the same day I left Nashville. Thus in one week I found myself over two thousand miles away from home, in a strange land among a strange people, I can assure you I felt my loneliness very much; but I felt that I was on the Lord's business; I tried to put my trust in him and realized if there ever was a time that I needed his spirit it was now.

After a few days I was joined by one of the Elders from Miss., who had been traveling in this State and Miss., before I came. We labored together for about three months and a half, when he was released to return home, and the last day of January an Elder from Tooele City, Utah, joined me.

Since I came here we have traveled about fifteen hundred miles, held forty three meetings, baptized one person, removed much prejudice, made many friends and quite a number of converts who lack the courage to come forward and receive baptism and show they are not ashamed of the Gospel.

It is not often we can get a meeting or school house to hold meetings in; but have most of them in private houses and under the shade of trees, which is more comfortable this warm weather than in a house, and as we don't want to convert their houses, it don't hurt our feelings very much to be refused the use of them. We fine some who are very bitterly opposed to us and they do all they can against us; one individual not long ago undertook to expose Mormonism, made his appointment and told what subject he would speak upon several week ahead, thinking to get a large congregation, and when the time came for his meeting, there were about a dozen gathered to hear him; he talked an hour or so but did not say much only against us, and wound up by saying he did not propose to talk to the walls, and would not make another appointment. He also visited several families that he knew were friends to us and tried to embitter their minds but failed, and did himself more harm than good.

He said he was generally called liberal hearted, but we should not get anything to eat at his house. A lady he was talking to said we could at her's. Report says the same man whipped h is wife when she was sick in bed, and, now they say he has run away and gone to Texas for beating a man over the head with a pair of blacksmith's tongs. He told a man sometime ago that thieves and Mormons were getting so thick here, he would go to Texas if he had to steal his way there. I am happy to say such men don't hurt us much or our doctrine, for what they say against us does us more good than harm.

The weather is very warm here now, which makes it very uncomfortable walking especially in the middle of the day. We expect a visit from Bro. Morgan next Friday (24th) and he will remain with us over Sunday, it will be quite a treat to us, as Latter-day Saints are very scarce in this part and especially such as he is.

The DEMOCRAT comes very regular and is a welcome visitor, may it continue to thrive. Ever praying for the welfare of Zion, I remain your Brother in the Gospel of Peace, Wm. HULME
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 9, 1881 - p. 3 under "Local Items."

NOTICE.--If you are going to Logan and have no load, you can get one at the Temple mill and received due credit.
- - -
HAT.--We have not had such a crop of hay for many years as we will have this season in Bear Lake Valley. It will scarcely be possible for the people to save it all.
- - -
THE FOURTH OF JULY passed off very quietly in Bear Lake Valley. There were no Celebrations and people seemed more inclined to mediate upon the terrible tragedy in Washington than to rejoice and celebrate.
- - -
NARROW ESCAPE.--A few days ago while a 10 year old some of Charles Brown of Liberty,  Was driving a cow, the animal turned and gored the hose that the boy was riding. The horse staggared and fell, and in falling the boy got under. While lying in the position the horse died, and the boy not being able to extricated himself was held fast by the weight of the horse. Fortunately, however, after some considerable time had elapsed, a Bro. James Poulsen, who resided close by where the accident occurred, happened that way, and liberated the boy from his perilous position. No bones were broken but he was considerable bruised.
- - -
THE FARMERS of Bloomington are making exertions to enclose their north field with a good fence. The prospects are that they will yet same their grain from the stock in that exposed field, which is something they have not done for years.
- - -
WHOSE COMET? Is it Eueke's or Bode's or anybody else's?" We assure the public it is not ours. We are thus earnest in disowning it, as the Bear Lake Assessor since the dog law passed, is taxing almost everything that has a tail. No sir, we never lost a comet!
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 16, 1881 - p. 2 under "HARD TO PLEASE."

The Inter Ocean is a paper with a mission, or rather two missions, in which it seems to work with equal zeal. Whether its success will be equal to its zeal or not, remains to be seen. It is a stanch supporter of Mr. Conkling in his fight with the administration, and is using every effort to convince the republicans how very essential it is to them that the aforesaid Mr. Conkling be vindicated and endorsed. It is equally zealous to adopt such mild and Constitutional methods as disfranchisement, military government, etc., etc., in order to settle the vexed Mormon question. It is stalwart, with all that that significant term implies, in dealing with either political or religious questions.

Its correspondent in Salt Lake is a very ingenious man, much more ingenious than fair. Some time ago he rather forced an interview upon President Taylor, who treated him with politeness, but gave him to understand that he hadn't much faith in interviews nor interviewers, as so many newspapers and their correspondents would lie about us anyway. Prest. Taylor's candid and straightforward manner did not exactly suit the Inter Ocean correspondent, and he justified the former's strictures by going off and abusing the Mormons generally and their leading men particularly. . . . .[lengthy article.]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 16 - p. 2 under "Remarks of President Geo. Q Cannon and John Taylor."

To our readers--more particularly those not of our faith--we commend the following remarks made by leading Mormons upon the attempted murder of President Garfield. As a people we are so persistently misrepresented, that it is but fair we should sometimes have the privilege of representing ourselves. The sentiments expressed in these addresses are not gotten up for special effect on this occasion, but they are the heartfelt convictions of men whose whole lives have been in conformity with their professions. Not one word nor act of their long public lives is on record, that would justify the abuse and slander so often heaped upon the heads of Mormon leaders:

We have suffered enough from this spirit of violent lawlessness to feel profoundly moved in our hearts at the dreadful occurrence of yesterday. It come to us as it does not to any other people, for we have suffered from this as no other people have. The men whom we loved better than we loved our lives, for whom this people would have been willing to lay down their lives; if by so doing they could have saved them, were stricken down by the hands of assassins, while they were helpless like sheep in a pen. They were slaughtered by a band of ruffians, who knew they had the power if they could break into the building where the victims were confined, to take the lives of those men, for they were defenseless.

When the leading man of our nation is stricken down, as General Garfield was, it arouses emotions in the hearts of the Latter-day Saints--those of them especially who were participants in the scenes to which I have referred--which language cannot describe. There is something so abhorrent, so horrible in this method of curing evils, that as one of this community I cannot think of it with any other feeling than one of horror. General Garfield, I may say, was my personal friends, we having served eight years in congress together. I have been intimately acquainted with him during that time, I know him to be one of the greatest men of the nation. He may not be a strong man in every direction; I do not think he is strong enough to follow his convictions upon our question. He knew better concerning us than any man in public life, that is, he knew more of us.

He was brought up on Ohio, near where our people had lived in early days, in the days of his childhood. He was familiar with men who had been members of our Church, and I believe was connected remotely by marriage with some of our people; and while he had no sympathy with some of our doctrines, nevertheless he had opportunities of knowing many things concerning us that others did not know. He had visited this city twice; he had become acquainted with the people, seen them at their homes, and had frequently conversed upon our doctrines. I know therefore, he understood our question probably better than any man in public life. But for fear, as I fully believe, that he would be suspected of cherishing sympathy for us, he uttered expressions which I thought were exceedingly unwise and unstatesman like in his inaugural address.

But notwithstanding this, I must bear testimony to the man and to the largeness of his soul and the breadth of his mind. He is a man of broad intellect, of wide experience, and naturally of a good heart; and I cannot imagine any reason that could justify an act of violence toward him. There had nothing occurred during his administration to provoke such an attack as that mad upon him. But the word of the Lord has gone forth concerning all such matters as these. Deeds pf violence will become more common, whether the world believe it or not.

[Cannon's discourse continued at length with much emphasis on the trials of the Mormons. President John Taylor next confirmed Brother Cannon's remarks and tactic of using Pres. Garfield’s shooting as a springboard to rehearse the Mormon charges against their enemies. Pres. Taylor stated at one point his lengthy remarks the following]:

In reference to this late melancholy affair that has occurred, I feel in my heart a strong sympathy for President Garfield. People may think this strange. Why, say they, did he not make some remarks that are calculated to injure you as a people? Yes. But he, like the rest of us, is a fallible being. We are all fallible, and it is not every man that can resist the pressure that is brought to bear upon, and the influences by which he may be surrounded. . . .
- - - -
[The Democrat follows this coverage with a short editorial that stated]:

Therefore let all classes unite in fervent wished for the recovery of the President. If we must be governed by Republican rule, give us the sun and not the tail of a comet. No matter how high Arthur might rise, Conkling would still be higher than he, and the American nation has no relish for a President with a master.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 16, 1881 - p. 2 under "COMMUNICATED."

St. Charles, Idaho / July 12, 1881.

Editor Democrat: In your issue of July 9th, the comet is disclaimed in consequence of having a tail thereby being eligible to taxation, the owners of bobtail dogs can testify that the tail makes no difference. However, the salubrity of cometary [comet-ary]influences is now a popular idea, and it seems that in 1811 and 1858 the vintage was favorably affected and it produced called "comet wines," perhaps we may have a better vintage in Bear Lake the present year, to say nothing about distilled or fermented liquors.

Very respectfully, / L. B. HUNT.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 16, 1881 - p. 2 under "Communicated." MONTPELIER, Idaho, July 11, 1881.

Editor Democrat: Since I last wrote you our town has again been visited by the terrible scrourage Diphtheria; it has been in the families of Bos. Winters and Hogensen. The former has lost two little girls, aged respectively 3 and 5 years, who both died within a half an hour of each other. The other cases all seem to be convalescent, and we are thankful that its ravages at present are limited to those two houses.

We have been in the enjoyment of late of a nice refreshing breeze from the North, which has been the means of introducing Jack Frost in our midst. The old fellow made a partial meal of some of our tender plants in the gardens, and started in on some of our field crops, but it is thought he did but little damage in that direction.

Emigration is now teaming through our town on their way to Oregon and Washington Territories. They principally come from Kansas and Missouri. We have seen nothing as yet of the R.R. engineers; but understand they are at work on Thomas Fork; so you will see that it will be some time before we can hear the engine whistle here yet. I understand grading is commenced between Smith's and Thomas' Forks. Our people are principally engaged in the tie business, that is, those who can leave home to work prefer that to grading. Respectfully,  O. D.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 23, 1881 - p. 3 under "Local Items."

THE PEOPLE Of Meadowville may have faults, seeing that they are human, but certainly laziness is not one of them. Their fields and surroundings give ample evidence of this, and it is considered nothing extraordinary there for a man to make several hundred rods of ditch and fence in a season, besides doing lots of other work.
- - -

ALMOST A RUNAWAY.--A few days ago, while a young man by the name of Lindsay, from Bennington, was unhitching his team, and had gotten all the tugs but one unhitched, his horses started, dragging him along by the lines which he still retained. In running, the wagon-tongue dropped, causing the horses and wagon to attempt traveling in opposite directions. The upshot of all was, the man and wagon turned 2 or 3 somersaults and the wagon-tongue broken, but finally was brought to a halt by the timely assistance of some men near by that came to the rescue. No bones were broken.
- - -
THE attempted murder of President Garfield spoiled our celebration on the Fourth. Let us hope that nothing will mar the coming festivities of the Twenty-fourth.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 23, 1881 - p. 2 under "Our Missionaries."

Bear Lake Valley is well represented in the foreign missionary field. Niels Wilhelmsen of St. Charles had been presiding over the Scandinavian mission for about two years; he will probably returned home this fall. Elders C. Hogensen of Montpelier, J. Johnson of Ovid, Jos. Lindval of Paris and M. Jacobson of St. Charles are also laboring in Scandinavia. Bishop Hulme of Bloomington, Elders Geo. Passey of Paris, L. Laker and Adam Wilcox of St. Charles and Robt. Spence of Laketown are traveling in the Southern States. Elder Christian Wallantine of Paris is in Michigan and Prest. James H. Hart is in New York looking after the Church emigration business.

All these brethren are doing good work and make excellent records for themselves. We hear from them occasionally through the DEMOCRAT, with the except of Bro. Adam Wilcox. Adam was always a bashful "boy," but we certainly would like to hear from him. The query of "Where art thou Adam," has not yet brought a response.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 23, 1881 - p. 2 under "Communicated."

Editor Democrat: In passing through this and adjacent valleys, my attention has been frequently called to the close proximity to dwellings house, of such places as corrals, pigpens, chicken coops, stables, and other outhouses. Are those useful places so close to dwelling houses productive of good health?

Or are they in harmony with common-sense sanitary principles? The wells also, from which the water is used for culinary or other domestic purposes, in some cases are but a few feet from the corrals, or perhaps only a division of a four pole fence. Again there are settlements that have very few wells, and a great part of the water used for domestic purposes have to be taken from ditches and those ditches frequently run through or close by corrals. Is such water really healthy?

I am sometimes called upon to visit the sick; the houses and their surroundings I cannot help but take notice of. The sanitary arrangements are in many cases so very poor, it is only a wonder to me that we keep as well as we do. We are in many cases too careless about the location of our dwelling houses; the dwellings are built for convenience, in close proximity to the corrals. Refuse of various kinds is "thrown out of the back door," where it undergoes putrefaction, the vitiated air penetrates the interior of the house and there being no means of ventilation, it remains to be respired by the occupants. The result is in many cases, that for the sake of a few dollars, that might be expended in the construction of flues and sewers, the father sees the little one he prays for above his "broad acres" gradually decline or suddenly fall a victim to fever or other malignant diseases. Parents, make your homes healthy, let in the pure fresh air and bright sunshine, so that your conscience may never upbraid you with being neglectful of the health and lives of your little ones.

Of the vast importance of an ample supply of pure water for family use, an impression may perhaps be best formed by imagining the horrors of a drought, in contact with the comforts of an abundance of pure water furnished unstintedly. "When water, our natural beverage, is impure it proves to be a cause of protracted ailments in ordinary seasons, and in those of epidemic visitations, it acts as directly exciting of disease and death. In marshy regions, in which periodical fevers abound, water is deemed by some, on good evidence, to be as actively a contributing cause, as bad air itself. But, its malignancy has been particularly conspicuous in the production of Cholera."

Dr, Gunn says: "The deleterious effects of impure water are not, however, confined to large cities, but they occur in small villages, sometimes in the solitary farm house, any place in short, in which the pump or well so in proximity to a farm yard, pig-stye, privy, etc. The penalty for this indifference to obtain a supply of good water, is paid in the frequent occurrence of bowel complaints and the sudden inroad of epidemic diseases, which attack without any apparent provocation." "The spread of epidemic scarlatina, in agricultural villages, has in some instances been traced beyond the possibility of a doubt, to the use of well water containing nitrates and other matters, the product of the decomposition of the usual materials which collect in the vicinity of barns and stables. A plentiful supply of pure water is indispensable both for drinking and cleaning.

Good health cannot be expected if impure water is drank, and we cannot have comfort in a dirty house or in dirty linen. A dwelling to be healthy must by all means be well lighted; a dark house is not only gloomy and dispiriting, but always unhealthy. The amount of disease in light rooms, as compared to dark ones, is vastly less; light is an needful to health, as fresh air and pure water. A plant will not flourish until it has light. Put a geranium in a cellar and its leaves will fade, its blossoms turn white and its general look betoken sickness; so it is with human beings. "There is nothing more beautiful and gladdening than the glorious sunlight. Let its luminous, warming and physiological forces come fresh into our dwellings, enter into the chemistry of life, animate the spirits and pervade our homes and our hearts with is joy inspiring and healthy imparting influences. RUSTIC.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 23, 1881 - p. 3 under "Local Items."

HOW IS IT POSSIBLE for Paris farmers to content themselves and suffer the stock to destroy their grain and grass, in some thin that passes our understanding. This is no new them, but has been a standing disgrace against us for years, and unless remedied it seems to us to be advisable for many of the farmers to give up farming altogether, or else use their influence and have a "no fence" law passed. The way we are doing now is as disgraceful as it is foolish, and if ever a reformation was needed by any people, there is one needed now by Paris farmers in relation to fences. It is bad enough in Bloomington and some other places, but the acme of folly is try to raise grain, grass and stock in the same enclosure, is most fully reached in Paris.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 30, 1881 - p. 2 under "A LIVE INDUSTRY."

One of the most important and best paying branches of the Paris Co-op. Institution, is that of the Nounan Valley cheese factory. To those who are interested in the growth and development of our home industries, a visit to this celebrated factory will afford both pleasure and profit. Situated in one of the most beautiful little valleys of these mountains, it leaves nothing to be desired in the way of water and range facilities. There is an abundance of rich upland bunch grass for spring and early summer pasture, and plenty of bottom grass for the drier and latter part of the season, this enabling the factory to be worked with profit at late as November. It is no uncommon thing for the owners of good cows to receive as much as 100 lbs. of cheese per head for their share of the season's make.

The most scrupulous attention is given to Cleanliness and every other consideration involved in the production of a first-class article of cheese. At present there are being made daily 400 lbs. of cheese from the milk of 300 cows; and about 100 hogs are being raised and fat-tened. The factory has facilities for the manufacture of cheese from 600 cows, and the vats are capable of holding 850 gallons of milk. It is to be hoped that next season the factory will be run to its full capacity, but just now cows are rather scarce in Bear Lake Valley owing to the recent had winters, and the practice that has prevailed of selling off our heifers and young cows to be driven out of the country. Would it not be wise for us to halt in this suicidal policy as soon as our circumstances will permit. We get but little more for a good young cow when we sell her, than we could realize from our share of the cheese that can be made for her in one season.

The cheese made at the Nounan factory is becoming celebrated for its good quality, not only in Utah but along the line of the U. & N. R.R. in Idaho and Montana. Merchants say it meets with readier sale than any Eastern cheese brought to this market. It is not out of place here to add that other cheese factories are also doing a good work in developing an industry for which Bear Lake Valley is peculiarly adapted, and we wish them all the success that industry and enterprise rightly directed are entitled to.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

July 30, 1881 - p. 3 under "Local Items."

JULY TERM OF THE DISTRICT COURT.

Court met according to appointment on Monday, July 18, 1881, but on account of the non-arrival of the Hon. Judge J. T. Morgan, it was adjourned from day to day until Friday, July 22, 1881, when the following proceedings were had, to wit:

The People, etc. vs. Ole Hanson

Now on this day came the defendant Ole Hanson and presented himself for trial, and the Dist. Atty. Willard Crawford, Esq., and there being no evidence sufficient to work conviction, the said District Attorney enters his motion for leave to enter a NOLLE PROSEQUI herein; and the Court being fully advised in the premises, it was ordered, adjudged and decreed, that the said NOLLE PROSEQUI be allowed; and the said cause be dismissed, the defendant discharged and his bail exonerated.

The following applicants were admitted to citizenship: Wm. Clester, Thomas Hopkins, Sen., Thomas Hopkins, Jun., Fredrick Sleight, Henry Jensen and Henry Stocker. It appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that there was further business, Court was adjourned SINE DIE.

Hon. J. R. MORAN, C J
Hon. WILLARD CRAWFORD, Dist. Atty.
Present GEO. B.SPENCER, Sheriff.
WALTER HOGE, Dy. Dt. Clk.
- - - -
Our District Court term proved to be a remarkable short horse, and was consequently soon curried. About half a day wound the business up. There is not enough criminal business in Bear Lake County to keep a one horse justice's court going.
- - - -
THERE WAS A GRAND DISPLAY of fireworks in Bloomington on the night of the 25th. Maybe Paris and St. Charles will have some fireworks next year. Bloomington to the front as usual!!!
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Aug. 6, 1881 - p. 2 under "Protecting The President."

Since the attempt on President Garfield's life, some newspapers have discussed the policy of adopting certain safeguards for the person of the chief executive. Several plans have been suggested in this connection, but none apparently to meet with general approval. Probably the most unpopular would be that of surrounding the President with a bodyguard; there is something in it so suggestive of tyranny and autocracy, that it can hardly meet with favor among a people jealous of the forms of liberty. Nor do we think it would add much to the security of the executive person. We believe the greatest danger of attack is from person who are seized with a kind of frenzy to do a deed that is fraught with danger, and that will set all the world talking. It is not necessary that the one so possessed, should have any real personal grievance. The imagination of a lunatic would easily supply a fancied one, and the very fact that the life aimed at was guarded with extraordinary care, would inflame such an imagination with a greater frenzy to attempt it, and probably in some cases would the sooner suggest it. History also teaches us that the expedient of a bodyguard, has usually been ineffectual unless carried to an extreme. That would be very much out of place in a republican government.

We think that no more should be attempted in this direction, than to make it treason to attempt to take the life of the President. We notice that this proposal has met with some favor even in conservative journals, but there would no doubt be great opposition to it before it became a law. It has been suggested that a few wholesome whipping might have a good effect in checking this morbid desire for notoriety. This kind of punishment was certainly successful in putting down garroting in England, and might have a good effect here in dealing with person who seem to have no fear of usual punishments inflicted by law.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Aug. 6, 1881 - p. 2 under "THE BEAR LAKE DEMOCRAT."

Those who started and strove to establish the BEAR LAKE DEMOCRAT were fully aware of the difficulties they would have to meet. Experience has proven to us that those difficulties were not over-estimated. As a matter of speculation Bear Lake Valley would have been one of the last places we would have chosen, in which to start a newspaper. Its isolation makes it impossible to take a front rank as a dispenser of news to which we aspire, (but this we hope will be obviated upon the advent of railroad facilities in this valley,) and the pressure of other and important duties has rendered it equally impossible for those who had editorial charge, to bestow that labor and care, upon its columns that the paper required. These and other drawbacks however, need but a passing notice, for while we have met with all the criticism we expected, we have also been favored with more fairness and consideration then we hoped for.

The importance of having a public medium in which to represent ourselves, and the many advantages connected with a printing office, doubtless induces our readers to be lenient to failings inseparable from our circumstances and surroundings. We certainly have no reason to find fault with our subscription list, for it is larger than we expected, and if our subscribers will be as faithful in paying up, as they have been kind in giving us their names, we will be mutually benefited--ourselves in being furnished with the sinews of war--printing we mean--and they in sustaining a paper that will ever be a faithful defender of their rights, and a devoted advocated of the principles of justice, truth and virtue. To all we say, assist us in your correspondence, items of news or comments on matters of general interests, will be gladly received and if necessary be revised and fitted for publication.

Let us sustain the DEMOCRAT in its period of infancy and weakness; railroads are penetrating these mountain altitudes; Bear Lake and adjacent valleys are increasing in importance and population, and the time is near at hand, if not absolutely at our doors, when a live newspaper will be a necessity to our growing and prosperous people. There should be nothing to hinder the DEMOCRAT from growing with the country, and with due patronage it may be an efficient aid in its development.

Although Democratic in politics, we never expect to be so blinded by party spirit as to condemn what is good in Republican measures or men, for a man is not necessarily a scoundrel because he votes a republican ticket, no more than it follow he is an angel because he votes a democratic one. Neither do we ask any special favors of democrats because out political bias is toward their camp; our votes may help elect their nominees. We deprecate the attempts of political axe grinders to drag religious questions and issues into politics; we never saw any good result form it, and we are satisfied it never can, whether the question affects Mormonism, Methodism, or any other religious system. For thousands of years men have worshipped God in different ways, and they probably will after we are laid away in the dust, and there is no use in getting mad about it, life is too short and there is too much to do in developing this virgin country of ours for us to waste our time in bigoted dissensions. If a man breaks the law let him be tried and condemned by the law, whether he be Mormon or Methodists.

The DEMOCRAT represents the people of Bear Lake County, and in the support of Democratic nominees in this Territory, will not concern itself about their religious views, but will be perfectly satisfied if they are only sound on the principles of Democracy.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Aug. 6, 1881 - p. 2 under "THE BEAR LAKE MONSTER."

On Wednesday afternoon at about 6 o'clock, as the visiting party of the Presidency and others, were traveling from Garden City to St. Charles, President Cannon and wife, Sister Little and Bro. Merrill who was driving the team, had the pleasure of seeing the "veritable monster." The party described seeing an object about 30 feet in length and traveling at a speed surpassing that of a railway train, and as it ploughed through the water, left a distinct trace of its course in its wake.

{ * See monster – Aug. 13, Aug. 20 and 27, 1881, Oct. 19, 1881}
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Aug. 13, 1881 - p. 2 under "A LITTLE MORE CONKLING."

The question, what will ex Senator Conkling do? Is causing a great deal of speculation in some quarters. Although he is apparently defunct, some of his enemies are eyeing him with same cautious distrust as Josh Billings advises in getting behind a dead mule. They are afraid that the kick is not all out of him yet. It is expected he will try and conciliate the South and gain there the prestige and power he has lost in the North. This is scarcely probably, for it would be a humiliation that his pride would hardly submit to, and then it is not likely that Southerners have such poor memories as to forget his bitter, contemptuous attacks upon them. We are not on terms of personal intimacy with the great New Yorker, and therefore assure our readers that we do not know what he is going to do, and give them the farther assurance that we do not care a button whether he does anything or not. We are a great deal more interested, just now in the movements of the Bear Lake Monster, and will take leave of Mr. Conkling for a while, by remarking that his is not the first politician that started in to make an anchor, and ended by making a hive.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Aug. 13, 1881 - p. 2 under "Death of Prest. Wilhelmsen."

Born at Feuling, Jutland April 21, 1824. Baptized Sept., 1854 at Copenhagen. Called early in the spring of 1855 to be an Elder, and labored in Denmark in the missionary field until he emigrated to Utah. Arrived in Utah in the fall of Called at the April Conference in Salt Lake City of 1864, on a mission to Denmark, returned in the fall of 1866. He was again set apart to the Scandinavian mission by Prest. John Taylor, July 16, 1879.

No event that has occurred in the history of Bear Lake Valley, has caused more genuine sorrow and sympathy than the death of President Neils C. Wilhelmsen. Thousand of miles from his loved mountain home, and on the even of returning to his family after a most interesting and useful mission to his native land, in which he fulfilled the high expectations of his brethren and friends, he was called upon to lay down at once his mission and his life. To himself his death at such a time was the crowning glory of a long and useful probation; to his family it has left a void that can never to filled on earth, save by Him who has promised to be a father to the fatherless and a husband to the widow; to his friends , and all were his friends who knew him, there is one more tie loosened that binds to earth, one more hope born that promises joyous fruition in the great __?_ beyond the vail that death interposes between the living and the loved one who have gone before.

There are children now living, who in old age will often recall to mind the memory of Bro. Wilhelmsen, and speak with affection of one who had no enemy on earth save among those who were enemies to all that blesses, enabled and exalts mankind. His genial and kindly nature, his wise and ever encouraging counsels made many a sorrowing heart rejoice, and in affliction and sickness his neighbors turned to him with a faith and confidence second only to their trust in Heaven.

It is pleasant to know that in thus speaking of brother Wilhelmsen, we will be endorsed by all who knew him, and not one word will be attributed to the exaggeration of friendship, or to that sometimes extreme by kind and human sympathy that prompts us to speak with more affection of the dead than the living.

Brother Wilhelmsen was our friend as he was the friend of all, and although we speak thus kindly of him we know the man is worthy of the praise, and the tribute we thus pay to the honored dead, we could as earnestly have accorded to him when he was living and moving in our midst. But brother Wilhelmsen is not dead, his body alone rest from labor, while his ever active and faithful spirit is moving and working in other spheres, and the priesthood that he honored so nobly here, he still possesses and enjoys, and by its power he will administer to the dead, as it was his privilege and calling on the earth to administer to the living. Brother Wilhelmsen used frequently to say he always was on a mission. We can say of him now he is still on one, but to fill it he had to step beyond the vail, and of us, his brethren who remain, may it in the future be said, that we too have lived the lives of the righteous, that our departure many be like his.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Aug. 13, 1881 - P. 3 under "Local Items."

PREST. TAYLOR and company left on their return, directly after the adjournment of Conference. They went by way of Evanston, intending to preach in the southern settlements of the stake. and to visit Morgan and other localities in Weber Valley. Presids. Wm. Budge and Geo. Osmond accompanied the party as far as Evanston, but are expected back to attend the meetings appointed for today.
- - -

THE HOT WEATHER we are having lately in Bear Lake Valley is phenomenal. It is reported to us that the thermometer sometimes touches 110° in the shade, but we think there must be some mistake in this. However, it is hot enough to make a sectarian hell lose half its terrors, and may yet bring down the price of blankets.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Aug. 20, 1881 - p. 2 under "The President's Condition."

A regular feature of most newspapers still continues to be a report of the President's condition, or rather a great many reports. There is necessarily much sameness, in these bulletins, but they are interesting and nearly always encouraging. Occasionally there is a slight change in the almost universal report of improvement, but the startled country is soon reassured by the favorable report that is sure to follow, stating that it is all right, and that the unfavorable symptoms were fully expected and are a legitimate part of the great cure that is going on.

In this connection a very practical suggestion for determining the location of the assassin's bullet in the President's body comes from Philadelphia. It recommends placing Guiteau where the President stood in the depot and firing a shot into him with the pistol which he used, from the position where he stood when he shot the President, and then cutting him up and tracing the course of the ball. Can American ingenuity and practicability go further than this?
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Aug. 20, 1881 - Aug. 20, 1881 – p. 2 under "The Bear Lake Monster." [George Osmond, Editor,]

"The clouds of doubt and uncertainty that have hitherto befogged the personality of the mysterious 'what is it,' whose popular name stands at the head of this article, are beginning to disappear before the penetrating rays of evidence and unprejudiced conviction. We have taken some pains to glean from every authentic source, such facts as would enable us to present to our readers in a clear and comprehensive form, the sum total of what is known of his monsterial majesty. We have been prompted to this, not only by acuse [sic- accuse] of our duty as a public journalist, but also by the innate love of the science of natural history.

We remember with some pride a fine collection of butterflies, and bugs, the result of our youthful labors in this direction, and the pleasure we experienced in examining them with a microscope. Our enthusiasm for bugs however, was somewhat cooled when the tables turned and the bugs (of the bed persuasion) retaliated by capturing us. They in turn took great delight in examining our conformation, but they didn't use microscopes. Our readers will please excuse this digression.

"The testimony concerning the Bear Lake Monster is now so voluminous and exhaustive, that we can describe with great accuracy, not only its personal appearance, but also some of its habits. From a careful analysis of the testimony in relation to its size, we can say with the most satisfactory exactness, that is is from two feet six and a half inches to one hundred and ninety-five feet nine inches long, and from six inches to six feet in diameter.

It is usually described as traveling with railroad speed, and as this varies from four to sixty miles an hour, its velocity is also most satisfactorily determined. A similar exactness can be arrived at in regard to its hide or epidermis. This according to the testimony is smooth and shiny, like the bald spot on the top of an alderman's head, that is, it is covered with large scales like an alligator, or more properly speaking, it has a furry covering like the coat of a beaver. Its head also resembles an alligator's, having extremely long and powerful jaws, and monstrous teeth like an otter, or to be more particular, like a coyote's or horse's head. It is usually seen traveling in a southerly direction like a discontented Bear Laker after a hard winter.

It is very bashful and retiring in its habits, and as difficult to interview as was that truly christian statesman, Schuyler Colfax, immediately after the Credit Mobilier exposures.

"It is extremely fond of Indians as is proven by their tradition, that is once ate at a meal a whole tribe of them, or what is the same thing, the only remaining squaw of a once large and powerful tribe. It has however, no hankering for white folks or it would long ago have gobbled up a few of the St. Charles girls who bathe in the lake almost every week. It gets no more Indians, for since the tragic even before mentioned, none of them have been know to venture in the lake, and some are so extreme in their fear and antipathy, that that [sic] they will not wash their hands even in a wash dish for fear of a lurking monster.

"To speak seriously, there are no doubt some queer fishes or animals in Bear Lake that have yet to be caught and thoroughly examined, and their proper place assigned them in the animal kingdom. This must be the work of the near future, for the valley is fast filling up with an inquisitive population who will not be satisfied until all such mysteries are solved. The scream of the locomotive will soon break the silence of the hills that skirt the shores of the lake; sailing boats and steamers will ply on the bosom of its blue waters, and the sedentary monsters of which we now only catch occasional glimpses, and whose forms are perhaps exaggerated by the equally powerful influences of fear or wonder, will be scientifically examined, and we think will be found to belong to species of fish or animals already known to naturalists; at least we venture this as our opinion, and perhaps our children will live to smile as they tell their children of the wonderful stories once told of Bear Lake monsters, and that the monsters eventually proved to be only large specimens of 'what do you call 'em?'"
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Aug. 27, 1881 -Aug. 27, 1881 - p. 2 under "Et Tu Brute!"- [By George Osmond, Editor.]

"To our non Shakespearian readers it is perhaps necessary to say that in writing the above caption we do not wish to charge any one with eating two brutes, but to express intense sorrow at the unkindly cut give us and our fellow editorial sufferers by the Deseret News of a recent date. The many indignities and hardships endured by editors of patent weeklies, should excite the commiseration and magnanimity of metropolitan editors and not their ridicule and scorn. So badly do we feel about this unkindly cut that we would at once resign, were it not for the very liberal salary that like 'Will o' the Wisp' is alluring us on and on to perhaps an editorial destruction.

"The Deseret News mingles Bear Lake Monsters, editors of patent weeklies and associated press reporters, all together in one chaotic and ridiculous heap. And must we endure all this!"
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Aug. 27, 1881 - p. 2 under "Communicated." "Adam, Where Art Thou?" "Here I Am!!"

MOSCOW, LAMAR Co., Ala. / August 9, 1881.

Editor Democrat: I see in your issue of July 23, that the Elders in the United States, as also in Europe, that are represented from Bear Lake Stake, have a representation in your valuable paper. Well, as you have made the call. I will make the answer:

I find myself here in the woods and forests of Alabama, after the absence of ten months from home, enjoying good health, which I realize to be a great blessing. I and Elder Robertson have traveled many hundred miles, and held meetings where ever opportunity offered, but we find a great deal of opposition against the truth. The field in which we have been laboring has been pretty well warned, and a good many gathered out at different times. It seems like almost everybody we talk with has got a brother or sister, uncle, aunt or some distant relation amongst our people.

We have many friends among the people, and a great many that are enemies to us and the truth. There are all manner of lies in circulation about the Latter-day Saints, and this generation loves a lie so much better than they do the truth, that they are willing and ready to swallow them down as fast as they come. I often think if some of our young men were here a while, that they would have their "eye teeth cut," and commence and sharpen up their ideas a little, and not doubt they would be like me, they could see where they had let many golden opportunities pass by where they might have improved their minds. It is an old saying and a true one, "that it is too late to lock the stable after the horse is stolen."

We have hundreds of foolish questions asked us almost daily, about "Utah and the Mormons." We are sometimes asked why we don't annex ourselves to the United States, and if it is so that we have a king, and have really more wives than one. They seem to be terribly offended at polygamy, and more especially the priests, but when we talk to them and show them just a little of their corrupt systems, they are willing to let us alone till they get away from us, then they warn the people to beware of false prophets, etc. We find a great many that acknowledge we have the truth; but they cannot believe that Joseph Smith or Brigham Young, men that are so evil spoken against as they are, cannot be true prophets.

Prophets are done away with and no longer needed, are the sentiments of the the [sic] most of the people. A lady whom we took dinner with on the 4th of July, told us she had been raised to believe that mutton was not good, in fact she knew it was not good, because father and mother said so. She said she was to a gathering where there was a nice dinner served, and the young man that waited on the table asked her what kind of meat she would have? She said pork. He knew she did not like mutton, but nevertheless, he brought her a nice piece, and when she had eaten it,

she said it was the best pork she ever ate in her life. This lady had been reading the "Voice of Warning," and had attended a few of our meetings. She told us if we could only preach our doctrine to the world and not call it "Mormonism," the people would turn out far and near to hear us, and would say it was the best doctrine they ever heard, etc.

We have not baptized any as yet, but there are a few investigating our doctrines, and some of them have come to this conclusion: That if we are not right there is no true religion on the earth. But popular opinion is so strong against them, that they cannot stem the current as yet; but we hope ere long that some of them will come forward and embrace the truth.

There is to be a three days conference in St. Clair in this State, commencing on Sept. 9th. There we expect to meet all of the Elders of the State, also President Morgan. We anticipate a good time. There has been a great deal of drouth [drought] in in [sic] this State, in some localities; being eight weeks without rain, and in consequence, a deal of their crops are burnt up, leaving many almost in a starving condition. Lately there has been a general rain which has revived the people a little. It seems that men's hearts are failing them for fear of what is coming on the earth.

There are many self-righteous Pharisees here, and it is reported among them that President Garfield was shot by a Mormon Elder, and many of the people believe it, because they cannot read for themselves. It looks like they ought to be a happy people, for they pay the doctor to look after their bodies and the priests to look after their souls; but they are far from being happy, they are servants to whomsoever they lest to obey, and it seems that the evil one has full control of them.

The intelligence of the people make the State, hence the contrast between this people and the people of the Lord. The Saints went into the desert, and through their faith and works and the blessings of the Lord, they have made a desirable country to live in, and the blessings of God have been steadily coming to them. And one might ask why? I answer, because they are redeemed of the Lord, and He has given them a dispensation of the Gospel, and led them forth to the land of Joseph, to the utmost bounds of the everlasting hills; there the ensign is raised, to the nations a standard of principles and good government that will yet be welcome in all the world, and the time will yet come, as the prophets have said, they will say "come let us go up to the House of the God of Jacob, surely our fathers inherited lies in which there is no profit, etc." This people have had a delightful country, but the blessings of the Lord are being withdrawn from them till they can hardly live, and the worst of all is, two-thirds of the people are in debt to the merchants, more than their plantations are worth.

The DEMOCRAT come regular and is a welcome visitor; may it continue to thrive. Ever praying for the welfare of Zion, I remain your brother in the gospel of peace, ADAM WILCOX
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Aug. 27, 1881 - p. 2 as letter to Wm. Budge, Esq. but not part of "Communicated" part of the newspaper.

Wm. Budge, Esq.,

Dear Sir: There is considerable talk about starting a saloon in Paris. Now while I know you are opposed to such business and especially in Paris. I think it is only a matter of time when it will be in your midst, as liquor men are talking of starting there now. I am in the business myself and would like to start a respectable place in Paris, but would like to have your permission if possible. Please answer at your earliest convenience, as I should like to be there before other parties are.

Respectfully yours, [No name printed in the paper.]

[A response.] Bear Lake Co., Idaho, Paris, Aug. 17, 1881

Dear Sir:

Your letter of the 11th has been received. We have heard of persons intending to start the liquor business here before the reception of your communication, but they have manifested some wisdom by not doing so, except in one case, and it was a failure. In the first place, there is not paying prospect for such a business here, and in the next place, the public are opposed to any such traffic, and are determined to use all the legal and moral influence and power against its introduction that they are now or may be able hereafter to exert.

You may be under the impression that the building of the railroad through the valley would make liquor selling here a profitable speculation. The nearest part of the grade is ten miles distant from this place and does not affect us. The labor will soon be at an end, and the laborers gone, leaving our villages without any necessity whatever for liquor shops. With this understanding (which yourself and those who "talk about starting a saloon in Paris" may profit by;) it would be very foolish for men to bring capital here in the shape proposed, which would bring no profit, besides wasting time as well as living in constant conflict with the feelings and interests of the inhabitants.

The foregoing is the financial aspect of the question, which I regret to say affects men's minds more than any moral or religious view which may be taken of it. I will say a word or two however, on the latter. We endeavor to be a sober people, and desire to bring up our children free from the temptations and the destructive effects resulting from the use of strong drink. It is a part of our religion, and I ask you, as you hope for favor from God, here or hereafter, or if you have any interest in the welfare of your fellow creatures, not to persist in your intention to bring the cursed traffic here! I am respectfully yours & C. Wm. BUDGE
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Aug. 27, 1881 - p. 3 with no heading.

FROM THE MANY and varied reports lately received as to President Garfield's condition there is not the least doubt that it is extremely critical. We would not be surprised at any time to receive intelligence of his death. His long sickness however has been the means of pacifying and allowing the excitement and bitterness, engendered by the attempt on his life and should he die the consequences will not be nearly so disastrous as they would have been if death had immediately followed his wounding.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Sept. 3, 1881 - p. 2 under "Ladies' Column." "An Outlaw's Wife. --An Interesting Chapter of the Early Life of the Wife of Jesse James. [More than half a column on this story.]
- - - -
"A Warning to Girls."

The New York "Evening Post" mentions that "two young girls in Providence, R.I., have been sent to the Reform School for eight years for smoking cigars in the street." This seem a pretty long term of confinement for the offense of cigar smoking, but may prove of advantage to the girls thus sentenced, and a wholesome warning to other girls of cigar smoking proclivities. But if Rhode Island justice finds such discipline an advantage to girls who are given to smoking, would it not be well to try it also upon the boys and not to allow the girls wholly to monopolize its benefits. There are plenty of boys of younger and older growth who are in need of it.
- - - -
An Inter Ocean correspondent traveling in Great Britain thus speaks of English and American Women:-- [A fairly lengthy article comparing these women.]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Sept. 3, 1881 - p. 3 under "Local Items."

IN ALL OUR EXPERIENCE in Bear Lake Valley, we never saw such a demand for help. Neither of the important factors--love nor money--seems to be able to obtain what is needed to secure the crops. It is likely that some grain will be lost in consequence. We are now probably reaping the best crop we ever raised in this valley.

CLIFTON, Oneida Co., Idaho, had changed its name to Cannonville. This we presume is in honored of President Geo. Q. Cannon. Georgetown of Bear Lake County, was also named for our respected brother and President.

MONTPELIER has made the offer of twenty acres of land to the Oregon Short Line R. R., for depot and switch purposes, provided the depot to located there.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Sept. 3, 1881 - p. 3 under " ANSWERS to CORRESPONDENTS."

BLANCHE, St. Charles--No, you were not the heroine of the Poetical Romance published last week.

ZENOPIA, St. Charles--We assure you we had not the slightest reference to the way you curl your hair, in the Poetical Romance we published last week.

MILDRED, St. Charles--So far from having any reference to the way you dress your hair, in the Poetical Romance published last week, we assure you we very much admire your style.

ELFRIDA, BEATRICE, EUNICE, et al, St. Charles--We wish it distinctly understood we did not refer to any of you in the Poetical Romance we published last week. The fact of it is the heroine lives in Paris, but we could not make Paris rhyme with "snarls," so we had to draw on our imagination and write it St. Charles. We are so utterly discouraged by the reception of the first installment of our Poetical Romance, and the many threats we have received of having our hair not only snarled but eradicated, that we have concluded to indefinitely postpone the remainder of the romance.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Sept. 3, 1881 - p. 3, under "Local Items" [a filler at the bottom of column.]

PRESIDENT GARFIELD is reported to be dying, or dead.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Sept. 10, 1881 - p. 2 under "THE PRESIDENT."

The recovery of President Garfield is again looked forward to with interesting anxiety by the masses. Notwithstanding the seeming probity to death's door, it is again circlely [sic- circularly] repeated that there is no doubt of his ultimate recovery.
- - - -
GUITEAU seems to be getting desperate, is impatient as to the results of the attempted assassination of the President, and tried to make his escape from jail. He made an assault on the jailer, but was overpowered by the timely interference of another of the guards.

Sept. 10, 1881 - p. 3 under "Local Items."

Twenty five or thirty miles of track on the Oregon Short Line, are said to be laid, and the work still progresses rapidly.

WE ARE HAPPY to inform our readers that the astronomers have decided there will be no collision between the earth and a new comet, as they will not get within 50,000,000 miles of each other. Those of our subscribers and advertisers whose time is nearly out, may therefore with the utmost confidence pay up and advertise anew.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Sept. 17, 1881 - p. 2 under "PRESIDENT GARFIELD AND THE MORMONS."

There is one honor that we can consistently claim for Mormons, and that is they are the most calumniated people on the face of the earth. We call it an honor, for it must be acknowledged that in this respect at least, they, of all people must resemble the early Christians. The resemblance holds good in the further singular fact, that the more t hey are lied about and abused, the more they increase and prosper. One of the bases calumnies ever invented, was the report that the Mormons rejoiced in the attempted assassination of President Garfield. It is true that such a baseless and cruel slander carries its own refutation with it, for it is a slander against human nature itself, and a feeling of joy at such a dastardly wicked act, as the shooting of the President, would necessitate a loss of every human impulse and sympathy.

The truth is, there are no people on earth who have a greater horror and detestation of the crime of assassination than the Mormons, and there are no people who have greater cause to deplore the spirit of lawlessness and murder abroad in the world, than they. By it they have lost on earth their prophets and leaders, and as a people have been driven from their homes and robbed of their earthly possessions. The Mormon believe that this spirit is of the devil, and that no nation can have it in its midst and be prospered. One of their sacred books, the Book of Mormon, gives graphic accounts of secret combinations and leagues similar to those now existing in Russia and Germany and ascribe their origin to the prince of lies and murders.

Now so far as President Garfield is concerned, the Mormons have the most kindly feelings. He has ever expressed kindly and just sentiments towards them, save probably on the occasion of his inaugural, and even on that occasion it was more the yielding of a weak man to a powerful popular prejudice, than the vindictive expression of a wicked heart. President Garfield is a remarkable man if not a very great one. We have before in these columns asserted that a man with such a record must be possessed of remarkable powers and political acumen. But we do not believe that his life or death or the life and death of any other man will materially affect the purposes of the Almighty. Mormonism is built on a broader foundation than human skill and capacities, and its progress does not depend on the good or ill will of any honored power. We are perfectly satisfied with General Garfield as President of these United States.

It is possible that there are a few men in the country who would make better presidents than he, but it is equally certain that there are many who would make worse ones. We would wish him to live if it were only for his family. President Garfield has one of the noblest women in the world for a wife. None but a noble woman could give expression to such lofty sentiments and manifest such a Sublime faith and constancy as she has done, and we believe that if President Garfield recovers he will owe at least as much to the faith and trust of his wife in God, as he will to the skill of his physicians. In the meantime President Garfield has no better well-wishers and friends than among the calumniated but ever forgiving Mormons.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Sept. 17, 1881 - p. 3 under "THRUMS."

PRESIDENT GARFIELD has been removed from the malarial effects of Washington, to Long Branch, where, it is to be hoped, will prove salutary to his present condition. . . .The train in which President Garfield was removed from Washington to Long Branch, while traveling, made a mile a minute, and one time run 7 miles in five minutes. Three of the attending physicians of President Garfield, have been discharged.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Sept. 24, 1881 - p. 2 under "DEATH OF PRESIDENT GARFIELD."

When President Garfield left the White House for the sea shore, the question went up from thousands, "Will he ever return?" That question is now answered: He will never return. That wonderful career which commenced in obscure poverty and culminated in one of the highest earthly positions that mortal man can aspire to, is closed forever, so far as mortality is concerned.

For good and for ill, for happiness and for sorrow, the earthly record of James A. Garfield is finished. A short time ago his position was one of the most envied on earth; his utterances were repeated to millions; nations were interested in his opinions; and it was even believed by many, that, because he expressed a desire to grapple with Mormonism, the doom of that devoted institution was sealed.

To-day his eloquent tongue is silent, his busy brain at rest. The indomitable will that took pleasure in grappling with difficulties that would overwhelm ordinary men, is now powerless. Things that were of the utmost importance to him a few weeks ago, now concern him not. If he is interested now, it is about something else than Stalwart complications and political controversies.

His happiness now is in the good he did while on the earth; his sorrow in the evil; and to this reckoning must all come at last, whether president or pauper, emperor or vassal. President Garfield had the sympathy of all the world in the season of his affliction; the prayers of millions went up in his behalf that he might live, and were supplemented by the faith and unswerving devotion of a true wife. All that human skill and sympathy could do for him was done, but the mad act of Guiteau is at last consummated, and another must bear the honors and responsibilities to which James A. Garfield was elected. The dead President will be treated kindly by cotemporary historians; all that was admirable in his life will be brought to the front, and sympathy for his tragic ending will say, "His faults lie gently on him."

Speculation as to the changes his death will bring about are as yet premature. It is certain that those changes will not be so radical as they would have been had the President been suddenly killed. The new President has had plenty of time for reflection, and as he had behaved with discretion and wisdom during the sickness of his predecessor, it is not too much to expect him to be consistent and reasonably conservative in this hour of his exaltation. This however we can say, the political hoped and aspirations of many will go into the grave with our late President, and those of others will be awakened and intensified by the coming into power of General Arthur.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Sept. 24, 1881 - p. 2 under "A Bicycle."

At last a modest by enterprising gentleman had invented a bicycle for the ladies. It is built just like the masculine affair, we believe, except the saddle is a kind of a bench like, with a square hole in the middle for the fair riders to--ha—hang both--ha--you just sit on this seat and hang both--er--ah--you reach down on the treadle with both of them, you know. Pshaw, the man that will make a bicycle like that ought to be compelled to describe it himself, that's what.

[From the] Wood River Times. Same Sept. 24th issue, p. 3 Under "Local Items." Latest Telegram, Salt Lake, Sept. 20, 1881.

To C. C. Rich: President Garfield died at 10 minutes to 11, last night. W. B. D.
- - -
ONE OF THE MOST INTERESTING and exciting races we ever witnessed is that now going on between Bloomington farmers and the stock, to see which will get away with the most grain. If it were not for the assistance of the dogs, who are mot earnestly assisting the farmers, we would be inclined to bet on the stock.

THE BEAR LAKE COUNTY CO-OPERATIVE LUMBER COMPANY will furnish the Oregon and Granger Short Line R. R. with about two million feet of lumber.

IT IS REPORTED that Judge Crawford of Oxford, has sold an interest in a Bear Lake mine for 5,000 dollars. We have twenty for sale at the same price. Our editorial duties are so pressing that we haven't time to get the silver out, and we wish to give others a chance to get rich.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Oct. 1, 1881 - p. 2 under "THE GOVERNORS PROCLAMATION."

There are times when the fact that Bear Lake Valley is rather an isolated portion of creation; forces itself most disagreeably upon our notice. particularly has this been the case on the occasion of the death of President Garfield. Up to the time of our going to press last week there was still a hope with us that the report of the President's death would not be officially confirmed and that the painful news might be contradicted. It was fully confirmed however, before we completed our issue, and last Monday we were favored with a copy of Governor Neil's Proclamation.

The sentiments therein expressed will find an echo in every patriotic heart, and in such an hour every petty sectional feeling will be buried and the nation's great loss be appreciated by all who are not destitute of human sympathy and feeling. We wish we could have received the Proclamation earlier and have held the services at the same time as our fellow citizens in other places, but our demonstrations though necessarily deferred will be none the less sincere.
- - - -

PROCLAMATION, By The Governor.

It is an inexpressibly sad duty to announce to the people of Idaho, the death of President Garfield, at Long Branch, New Jersey, on the 19th inst. For ten long weary weeks the Nation has stood weeping beside his couch of pain, praying fervently that his precious life might be spared. But the prayers of a sorrowing people and all that medical skill and science could do, availed not, and at last his great heart has ceased to beat, his indomitable will has yielded to the inevitable, and to adopt h is own beautiful words on the death of President Lincoln, his pure spirit has "passed from the field of honor through that thin veil to the presence of God, and as its parting folds and admitted the martyr President" to the company of Lincoln and the 250,000 brave spirits constituting the array of the Republic in the shadowy land, "the Nation stood so near the veil that the whispers of God were heard by the children of men."

Living he served his country faithfully, and in a manner to reflect great honor upon it. In death it is fitting we should honor and reverence his memory. I, therefore, earnestly recommend that all public buildings, offices, and business houses throughout the Territory be draped in mourning for the customary period, and on the day set apart for his burial, that business of all kinds be suspended, and the people assemble in their respective houses of worship, or at such other places as may be selected by each community, for the purpose of holding appropriate memorial services. If this cannot be done on the day suggested, in all places in the Territory, I trust it may be done as soon thereafter as practicable.

Given under my hand and the Seal of the Territory this 20th day of September, 1881.

JNO. B. NEIL {Seal} By the Governor: T. F. Singisk, Secretary.
- - - -
Immediately on the receipt of the Governor's Proclamation the following Circular was addressed to the Bishops and leading men of each settlement in Bear Lake County"

CIRCULAR.
Paris, Sept. 26, 1881.

To the Latter-day Saints of Bear Lake County: By Proclamation of his Excellency John B. Neil, Governor of Idaho Territory, Monday Sept. 26th, the day set apart for the burial of our late lamented President, should have been observed by religious services. As the Proclamation was not received until to-day, this was impracticable; but agreeable to the suggestion of the Governor in case of such a contingency, we respectfully request and earnestly recommend that Saturday, October 1st, be set apart for the holding of appropriate religious services in your respective places of worship; that all public buildings, offices and business houses be draped in mourning for the customary period, and that all business be suspended on that day.

WILLIAM BUDGE
GEORGE OSMOND
Presidency of Bear Lake Stake.

[In addition articles on what the Pres. Arthur may do and the world's reactions to these events.]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Oct. 1, 1881 - p. 3 under "Local Items."

PARIS CO-OP. LOOMING.--We are pleased to refer our readers to the advertisement of the Paris Co-operative Institution opening up a Branch Store, for the sale of General Merchandise in Nouman Valley. This enterprising Institution has secured a contract with the steam mill of Hooper & Holman's in Nouman Dairy Canyon, to deliver all the bridge and culvert timber cut at this mill for the Oregon Short Line Railroad, and anticipating that a great number of men will be engaged the coming winter in the mountains in the vicinity, getting out ties, spiles and saw timber for railroad purposes, they foresee the necessity of a store, for supplies in the immediate neighborhood of the timber, and have consequently opened up a store of this character at their well known dairy in Nouman Valley and have already a well selected and extensive variety of groceries, dry goods, boots, shoes and hardware opened up and intend to sell all goods at the same prices at they are sold in Paris.

This move will be a great benefit to the settlers in Nouman Valley and also the citizens of Georgetown who heretofore have had to go to Soda Springs, Paris or Montpelier to do their trading. We understand the Co-op. will take the products of the people for merchandise, the same as in Paris.

We are also pleased to note that the Co-op. has made arrangements to open up a Tin Shop in Paris immediately, having secured the services of a First-class Tinner for this purpose. The necessity of a branch of business of this character has long been felt in Paris and elsewhere, for repairing as well as in the advantage of having tinware made nearer home. A great amount of this class of imported goods are seriously damaged by freighting it over such rough canyon roads at it has to pass over in coming to this valley. Another late development of the Paris Co-op., is its Tailor shop, the benefit of which cannot be over estimated to those who wish to wear good home-made clothes and good fitting clothes. Until this Institution made a move in this direction, good cloths could not be sold by our storekeepers from the fact that there were no experienced tailors to manufacture them into good fitting garments.

It can be said without flattery that the Paris Co-op. has, from the first, showed a ready and continuous disposition to branch out, developing one after the other some important branch of home manufacture, and is certainly entitled to the warm and generous support of the people who are benefited to such an extent by the enterprise of its Directors. That the people do realize and appreciate these efforts is proved by the increased patronage and trade enjoyed by this Institution.
- - -
BRO. WILLIAM HULME of Bloomington, has been released from his mission to the Southern States, and transferred to the European Mission. He will probably proceed to Liverpool with the missionaries who will be called at the October Conference in Salt Lake City.
- - - -
We hope that school trustees are stirring themselves in the matter of schools for fall and winter. Now is the time to fix up school houses and have them comfortable for our children this winter. Now is the time also to be looking round to secure the services of good and efficient school teachers.
- - - -
Threshing machines are now in great demand and their music is greeting the ear on every side excepting Paris. We learn however, that two or three will soon get to work here and clean up the grain in a hurry.
- - - -
The Co-operative Lumber Company will have to go out of Bear Lake Valley to get teams to haul lumber to the railroad; the supply of labor is not equal to the demand.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Oct. 22, 1881 - p. 2 under "SALTY."

The salt business promises great things in the future for Montpelier. It has long been conceded that the salt of Salt Lake is not suitable for dairy purposes, and large quantities of this very necessary article have, of late years, been imported from Liverpool, England.

President Budge, who is a member of Zion's Central Board of Trade, sent a sample of salt manufactured from the springs owned by Montpelier Co-op., to Salt Lake City, in order to have it qualities fairly tested and analyzed, and compared with those of the far famed Liverpool salt. The result has been most satisfactory, and very encouraging to out Montpelier neighbors. Montpelier salt contained in every 100 parts 97.531 of pure salt, and that from Liverpool 94.226. There is also a less proportion of disagreeable and bitter elements in the residue of the Montpelier salt than in that of the Liverpool salt.

It will of course take some little time for the Montpelier article to supplant its great English rival, but its merits will, in due time, be acknowledged, and the consequence will be a large increase in the salt trade of the thrifty and well managed Montpelier Co-op.

Oct. 22, 1881 - p. 2 under "Calumny Met and Refuted."

Elder James H. Hart has furnished us a copy of a communication which he wrote for the New York Sun. Whether or not that journal will have the fairness to publish it, we do not know; but we will take the liberty of saying that the writer has a knowledge of things he writes, and that is more than can be said of the Brooklyn clerical sensationalist:

NEW YORK, Oct. 5, 1881.

Editor Sun: Your journal of the 3rd inst. came under notice, containing the last sensational effort of the Rev. T. De Witt Talmage concerning our late President James A. Garfield, the assassin Guiteau and the "Mormons." It is said some men can out Herod Herod; And it occurred to me while reading the report of the doctor's discourse that he could out devil Lucifer the reputed Prince, at his most noted trick; but as the writer is a professional lawyer, and follows the letter of the law that assumes a man to be innocent until he is proven guilty. I, therefore give the gentleman the benefit of the doubt, and if any dubiety occurs about my nominative, both gentlemen may be so favored; I have as much respect for one as the other. Having a personal knowledge of the chief subject of the discourse, and knowing the doctor's statements not only to be untrue but diabolically false, no one should take it unkindly when I defend my friends, and hurl back falsehoods in the teeth of their enemies.

The "Mormons" have too important a mission and too much business on hand to answer all the bosh lies and venomous twaddle in iminated [sic] concerning them, and generally pass unnoticed the scurrilous innuendoes and the brazen falsehoods of corrupt priests and other chronic calumniators. The ignorance liar, we pity. The intelligent and willful, we despise. The secular liar, we can tolerate, but the priestly liar, we abominate.

It is not a pleasant duty to arraign a professing minister of Christ in the last named class of public of offenders; but truth and justice demand that the hireling priest, if he be a public lair, should be present in a true mirror, that the people--the honest nobleman--may judge if he is possessed of the spirit of love, joy, peace and charity, or whether he is governed by a spirit of murder and diabolism; whether he is an honest man, or an infamous liar.

It is a sad comment on human nature as well as religion, that the wretched Guiteau should say he killed our noble President "in the name of the Lord." It is no less sad that the Brooklyn Minister should incontinently seize upon that damnable attrocious [sic] act to assassinate the reputation, liberties and lives of an innocent people. "He who steals my purse steals trash, etc." In this sense it may be proven that the "Mormon" accuser and traducer is not only a liar but a thief; but if he was ten fold more of both than he is accredited, he need not fear that the calumniated would hurt a single hair of his guilty head. The "Mormons" have learned to put their trust in the Almighty, who, has said, "vengeance is mine, I will repay."

The fiendish insinuation evoloved [sic- evolved] by Mr. Talmage, that in the "great day of judgement, it may be found that Guiteau was paid to do hellish deed by the "Mormons" of the Rocky Mountain's" is too senseless and extravagant to be credited by any person with the least claim of common sense. That does not matter, the Revd. calumniator will accomplish his purpose, if he can place the "Mormons" under the suspicion and odium of it until the ressurrection [sic].

No person will envy the reputation he may gain by this line of policy, and there are not many who would wish to share in his reward. President James A. Garfield occupied the warmest place in the affection of the Mormon people. He was not only our President but our friend. The only steamboat on the Salt Lake is named "General Garfield," in honor of the illustrious Statesman. His opinions and views were so liberal concerning religious liberty and equal right for every man and every creed, that the Salt Lake anti-Mormons grossly insulted him with their hackney, vulgarism "Jack-Mormon." We expected from President Garfield a strict and faithful administration of the law, no more, and no less.

We venture the assertion that Dr. Talmage and other "Mormon-eaters," who suppose President Garfield would prostrate his lofty intellect, ossify his generous heart, and stultify his soul by violating the constitution, trample the law under his feet, and prosecute a crusade against the "Mormons" to gratify a lot of religious bigots were profoundly mistaken. . . . .[Hart's long article covered almost thee full columns in the Newspaper. He closed as follows:]

. . . And as it regards lying and internalism, [? Sic] we award the belt to the Rev. T. De Witt Talmage, who so far as can be judged by late developments bid fair to beat the devil.

Yours respectfully, JAMES H. HART
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Oct. 22, 1881 - p. 3 under "RANDOM JOTTINGS."

NEARLY all the folks are back from Conference.
OATS are selling readily at one dollar and a half per hundred.
GRASS is burning pretty lively north-east of Paris.
WEATHER extraordinarily cold for the time of year, and threshing nearly completed.
COUNSELOR James H. Hark expects to return home about the 18th of next month.
WE know a certain sister not quite a hundred miles from here, who knows everything as soon or before anybody else, and sometimes knows things before theyhappen. What won't be have soon?

- - - - [Same issue of Oct. 22,] p. 3 under "Killed by the Fall of a Tree."

A sad accident happened to Bro. John Hill, of St. Charles, who was felling saw timber in Big Creek Canyon, near H. S. Wooley's steam saw mill, on Thursday 4th inst., at about 9 o'clock a.m. It seems that a tree w hich had been chopped by Stephen Gheen fell against and broke the top off, or rather the larger portion of a smaller tree, which struck Brother Hill on the back, crushing him to the ground. It took several minutes for those present to relieve him from the weight of the tree.

He was taken to St. Charles as speedily as practicable, and remained unconscious for four or five hours. Dr. Bevins arrived in the afternoon of the next day and found that one of his ribs was broken near the spine, his lower limbs being destitute of any feeling. All was done that could be to relieve him, but he grew worse until the12th inst, at half past 9 o'clock a.m., when he expired. His remains were interred at 12 o'clock on the 13th int.

He would have been 26 years of age on the 29th of November, had he lived. He leaves a wife and three children. We received the particulars of the above accident from Brother L. B. Hunt, of St. Charles.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

[NOTE: Oct. 22, 1881 – The Democrat started its second years of service and marked this by resetting its numbering system as Volume II -Number 1.]

Oct. 29, 1881 - p. 2 under "Communicated."

Grumbler Weakens.

Editor Democrat: At the heart of the frozen turnip is softened and thawed by the genial influences of the beneficent sun, and as the toughest beef steak of Paris Co-op Meat Market is rendered tender and toothsome by an hour's faithful pounding with one of the steak hammers retailed at 75 cents each by the mercantile department of the aforesaid Institution (no charge for this advertisement); so is the grumbling heart of your grumpy correspondent softened and subdued by the kind teachings of our visitors. It will take a week's contact with this wicked and perverse generation, for your correspondent to get his heart sufficiently assified [sic- ossified] to resume his grumbling.

O man! created a little lower than the angels, would that my heart and spirit could retain the many good impressions received during they devious journey between the cradle and the grave; would that the memory of a mother's kiss and prayer were ever in thy mind, and would that you never suffered the ever beneficent sunshine of heaven to be crossed and clouded by the ingratitude and unkindness of they fellows. Then would duty be deemed a pleasure and deeds of love and charity that now, alas! Are only occasional, be our common rule of action, grumblers would lose their occupation, for there would be nothing to grumble about. The lion of men's passions would lie down with the lambs of their virtues, and a little child could led them, but our Hearts wounded, like the wounded air soon close,
Where past the shaft no trace is found.
As from the wind no scar the sky retains,
The parted wave no furrow from the keel,
So dies in human hearts.

A great many good impressions. No sir! I cannot grumble this week. Go it ye cows, break my gate and damage my trees. I will gently drive you out with a smile as sweet as Bro. ____ puts on when he goes to sleep in meeting, or as a young lady wears when she finds her new dress fits her to a "t," or as irradiates the face of an editor when he learns that at least six of his subscribers read his editorials, or as Bear Lake dogs smiled when they found the canine tax law was not enforced, or as--as anything you can imagine that is bland and beautiful.

Yours smilingly, EX-GRUMBLER
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Oct. 29, 1881 - p. 3 under "RANDOM JOTTINGS."

ROADS are in a terrible condition.
RAINBOW last Thursday afternoon.

WE would like some of our friends to send us in accounts of births, marriages, deaths, earthquakes, volcanoes, monsters (not the Bear Lake one), and anything else of an interesting nature, that will please our readers, especially elopements.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nov. 5, 1881 - p. 2 under "Church Immigration."

A correspondent of the New York Times interviewed Elder Jas. H. Hart, Church Immigration agent at New York, with regard to the immigration of converts from Europe, bound for Utah. He was informed that the total immigration, this year, will be something over twenty-five hundred.

This has been about the average influx of "Mormons" for five years past, and it may be safely said that within that time the numerical strength of the Latter-day Saints has been increased by the absorption of twelve thousand European converts. The "Mormons" are invading all parts of the civilized work [? world] with their missionaries. Mr. Hart said that a party of thirty Icelanders had arrived this season, en route for Salt Lake City; and a considerable number of converts have just entered via San Francisco, from Australia.

"We consider Scandinavia as our most promising field of labor," said Mr. Hart. "We are obtaining two or three proselytes there when we are making one in England. We have recently obtained a severe loss in the death of Brother Wilhelmsen the presiding Elder of our missions in Scandinavia.

"The authorities in the European States are placing no obstacles in the way of our work. We of course encourage emigration, and all of our converts start for America as soon as they can dispose of their business or raise the means. Eighty missionaries have returned home this year, after two years' service abroad. As many more have gone to Europe to take their places. The last party of the season will sail for Liverpool, next Tuesday. We have now about fifty missionaries in Norway, Sweden, and Denmark, and almost as many more in England. Our work is also progressing well in Switzerland and German, and to a limited extent in France."

"In Idaho, where I reside," continued Mr. Hart, "we have now a 'Mormon' population of about 8,000. Our political strength lies in the fact that we hold the balance of power between the parties. The great majority of our people in Idaho side with the Democrats. Most of the Republicans are bitterly opposed to us because they do not expect that we will advance their interest by our votes. Last winter, they introduced a bill in the Legislature prohibiting polygamy in the Territory. There were only six 'Mormon's['] in the body--four in the House and two in the Council. But the bill was defeated, and that through the votes of the Gentile members. We are living on the pleasantest terms with our neighbors in Idaho. We have frequent occasions to notice that the opposition to us is mostly confined to those who never came in contact with us, and have only an exaggerated, hearsay knowledge of us. We are not half so black as we are painted. Perhaps you may not believe it, but it is a fact that not over seven or eight percent of the 'Mormon' men are 'polygamists.' The most of our European converts do not marry more than one wife. In all the Territories where 'Mormonism' has a foothold the male population is considerably in excess of the female population."

Mr. Hart added that Colorado has now some four thousand "Mormon" inhabitants, and the "Mormon" settlements in Arizona are thriving finely. About 150 converts were baptized in the Southern States last summer, and have gone west, to new homes, generally to Colorado.

It may not be generally known that the family of President Young has been pretty well represented in some branches of the United States service. One son that died at sea, a few days ago, was a young United States naval officers and a graduate of the Annapolis Academy. Another so is one of the corps of instructors at West Point, and a grandson is a cadet at that Academy.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nov. 5, 1881 - p. 1 under RANDOM JOTTINGS." Frosty weather. Clean out your ditches. Now is the time to haul wood from the canyons. SOMETHING less than fifty births in Paris, the last week or so. That's business.

WE notice a few rocks on the public square. Are they intended for the foundation of the once-proposed tabernacle? The rock and sand still lie outside of the Paris 2nd Ward school house, for its extension. We thought we would mention it, in case it has slipped the memory.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nov. 12, 1881 - p. 2 under "'TRUTH' AT FAULT."

The Avalanche quotes with evident satisfaction the following item from the New York Truth: "The Mormon leaders believe that in the near future the control of the republic itself will pass into their hands, and this they are careful to keep impressed upon their people. This is preached from every Mormon pulpit; this is the settled belief of the Mormon thousands. Isn't it time to begin unsettling this belief?"

Our New York contemporary is not so veracious in this matter as its name would imply, but even if its assertions be correct what is going to be done about it. Who is hurt by the presumed belief of the Mormons that in the near future the control of the republic itself will pass into their hands? Many a man has indulged himself in the belief that he would one day be President of the United States, but we utterly fail to see anything criminal or even objectionable in such a belief.

The Supreme Court of the United States declared in a recent decision in which the Mormons were interested, that every man had a perfect right to his belief, not matter how absurd it was, and in fact this is a luxury that the veriest slave can not be deprived of. But the Truth asks: "Isn't it time to begin unsettling this belief." This depends entirely upon the means proposed. If it be desired to unsettled it by a peaceful argumentative process, probably this is as good a time as any, and we are willing and ready for the Truth or anybody else to begin at once and strive to convince the Mormons of the folly and error of their belief. If anything harsher and more violent is meant and the Truth's words are intended to convey a covert threat, we can assure it that it is not time nor __?_ will be, so long as the Constitutional guarantee of perfect freedom of belief means anything and is sustained by the Supreme Court of the United States.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nov. 12, 1881 - p. 2 under "A NEW TABERNACLE."

By the time that this is published the wards of Bear Lake and vicinity will be meeting in Quarterly Conference, and if the weather be fine so as to encourage a good attendance the necessity for a larger meeting house will again be apparent to all.

At the organization of this Stake in August, 1877, the building of a commodious meeting house in Paris suitable for conference and other Stake purposes was discussed by the Presidency, but as the great and important labor of erecting a temple in Logan seemed to require the utmost exertions of the Saints, it was thought to be unwise to divert their attention from so noble a work, and the project of a Tabernacle was laid on the shelf for a time. However, to meet the wants of the Stake, the people of Paris, at the suggestion of President Budge, built an addition to their meeting house, and in this house so enlarged our conferences have been held when the weather did not admit of the use of a bowery. The citizens of Paris cheerfully submitted to a tax of 5 per cent. (if we remember rightly) to provide building accommodation for the Stake, and we do not think they were assisted to the value of a dollar by the other wards and settlements.

The Temple will soon be completed, and the pecuniary condition of the people has much improved since it was commenced. Our greatly increased population and general time of prosperity, fully warrant the undertaking of such a work as we have indicated. Let steps be early taken for the building of a large and substantial Tabernacle that will be a credit to our Stake and adequate to the wants of a large and thriving community.

In this labor all are interested, and as Paris has been so generous in the past in providing us with a building that has at least partially supplied our wants, let the other wards of this Stake nobly forward and liberally assist in so good a cause.

Nov. 12, 1881 - p. 3 under "RANDOM JOTTINGS."

DON'T forget that the Post Office has changed its quarters. PARIS promises some dramatic entertainment this winter. Good for Paris.

IF some subscriber would pay up his subscription in potatoes, we would be glad. One of our hands needs some "murphies." Leave them at this Office.

THE exploring of the North Pole has nothing to do with the Paris Co-op setting their overcoats and other clothing for the present season at the lowest possible prices, and "don't you forget it."
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nov. 19, 1881 - p. 2 under "STATISTICAL REPORT of the Bear Lake Stake for the Quarter ending Oct. 31st, 1881.

Wards- - - 18
Apostles - - 1
Patriarchs - - - - 3
Seventies - - - - 97
High Priests - - 85
Elders - - - 410
Priests - - - - 4
Teachers - - 43 [?]
Deacons - - - 121
Members - - 2205
Total members and officers - 2774
Children under 8 years of age - 1287
Total of Souls - - - - 4031 [? Totals don’t match.]
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Nov. 26, 1881 - p. 3 under "RANDOM JOTTINGS."

APOSTLE C. C. Rich is again improving.
FIREWOOD is scarce in Logan at $6.00 per cord.
THANKSGIVING day was celebrated in Paris by the opening of the first saloon it ever had.
THE Logan Leader wishes the people to understand that it "spells program without the extra 'me.' Other people may spell it as they please."
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Dec. 3, 1881 - p. 2 under "A REMINDER TO GOVERNOR NEIL."

Governor Neil, last winter, expressed a determination to visit all portions of Idaho, and bless with the light of his countenance the people of every section of this fair Territory. We think he has fulfilled this promise very fairly in the main, but he has not yet visited Bear Lake County.

Probably he is reserving the pleasantest part of his travels to the last, on the principle that the boy reserves his pie until after the common viands are disposed of. But there is one thing we ask of you, Governor, although you have somewhat overlooked the "Mormons' in you visits be sure and do not forget them during your stay in Washington. Speak a good word for us, Governor, to President Arthur and the rest of the folks. Tell them we are getting along first rate, and that barring the fact we are mostly Democrats, we are just as good as our neighbors, and if there are any little administrative favors to be given to the people of Idaho, just see to it, Governor, that we get our share. Dear Governor au revoir.

"MARRYING AMONG THE 'MORMONS.'"

It is very amusing (if scandal and falsehood can ever be amusing) to see the stories published in Eastern papers and eagerly copied by some of our esteemed Idaho exchanges relative to the marriage customs of the "Mormons." The Republican lately copies a very unreasonable though often told story of the practice among the "Mormons" of buying and selling young women for the purpose of supplying the requirements of polygamy. The circumstances and conditions of this very singular traffic are not entered into and leaves the readers in a state of great inquisitiveness as to how the trade is conducted. Who des the selling? The women themselves or their parents?

How do the prices range? Is it necessary for the women to consent to the sale or are they sold noleus volens? Is it possible that people can believe such ridiculous nonsense? Surely the clear head of the Sage Brush Philosopher will perceive the inconsistency of such yarns! No, no, friend Bacon, do not let them bamboozle you in that way. We know we are a very peculiar people in many respects, and we shock your sense of propriety by voting the Democratic ticket, but when it comes to marrying, we assure you that among the "Mormons" women are wooed and won in the good old way.

Dec. 3, 1881 - p. 2 under "SALOONS."

The subject of this sketch is one that the inhabitants of Paris are very much interested in at the present time; and well we may be, for a "dead-fall" has already been opened in our peaceful town, the results of which no one can tell but from past experience, and from the object of such institutions, we cannot expect any good to flow from it, and if it is patronized, much evil may be expected.

About a year ago some of our leading men, who had the welfare of the people at heart, made an effort to petition the Legislature to grant a City Charter for the town of Paris, the result of which is too well known. Had those who OPPOSED THAT MOVEMENT not have done to, we might to-day, through that City Charter, have been able to suppress all such institutions, and we hope that this will be a lesson to those self constituted leaders of the people, and those whose characteristic penuriousness prevents them legislating for the public good; for surely all who oppose that measure, and by their opposition prevent its being carried out, must be held responsible, either directly or indirectly, for this and similar nuisances.

It may be said, "we would not have obtained a Charter from the Legislature had we made application," but this does not alter the case, we failed to do our part and consequently retained the responsibility instead of thowing [sic-throwing] it upon the Legislature, where it would rightfully belong had we done our part.

The question propounds itself: How long ere we, as a people, will learn to follow our file-leaders, and the promptings of the spirit, and, by doing so, avoid those unnecessary responsibilities that weigh so heavily upon us? Whenever we oppose properly constituted authority, we lay ourselves liable to just such burdens--self-imposed burdens--that we are unable to carry, and under which, many falter by the way.

We certainly are A LAW ABIDING PEOPLE when a nuisance of this kind can be run without molestation, under our very noses, when it is safe to say that ninety nine hundreths of the whole people are utterly opposed to it in their feelings.

Such tolerating would not exist in any other community, and we may with safety, defy the whole world outside if this people, to find a parallel case. . . .

[A lengthy story with heading such as LIVE ABOVE THE LAW; WE CAN AFFORD TO WAIT; "THEIR FRUITS YE SHALL KNOW THEM." Then the writer concluded his remarks as follows:]

And now that civilization in the shape of "grogshops," had found us, let us, by our unity, uproot the enemy;--not with carnal weapons, but with a determined effort on our part, not to countenance--for less sustain--this abominable thing; and show to the world that we are proof against such vices, and that no such institution with its contaminating influences can thrive in our midst.

Dec. 3, 1881 - p. 3 under "RANDOM JOTTINGS."

Hark! sleigh bells jingle and horses snort. But printers, ah! they've no such sport. CONSIDERABLE news, etc., is crowded out of this issue, owing to lack of space.

HON. GEORGE Q. CANNON left Salt Lake City, Nov. 23rd, for Washington, to take his seat in the Forty Seventh Congress, as Delegate from Utah, to which position he was elected Nov. 2nd, 1880. We trust he may successfully combat all opposition measures against the people he was legally elected to represent.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Dec. 10, 1881 - p. 2 under "Delinquent Taxpayers."

The publication of the names of delinquents should certainly convince them that the assessor is in earnest and intends to collect the taxes according to the law. His official oath obliges him to do this, and another incentive is the fact that if he fails to collect these delinquent taxes, he has to pay them himself. This would be carrying good nature a little too far, and we sincerely hope that our citizens whose names are now published, will not be so foolish as to allow their property to be sold to pay off their indebtedness.

[Followed by a long list of seventy delinquent taxpayer with brief description of the property and amount owed. Name breakdown by first letter of surname--A-1,B-6,C-3,D-6,E-2,F-l,G-1,H-7, J-2,K-5,L-4,M-3,N-1,O-3,P-5,R-3,S-4,T-2,V-1, W-7,Y-2,Z-1.]

If the above taxes are not paid prior to the second Monday in January A.D. 1882, the annexed property will be sold at public auction to secure the collection of the same and costs. Sale to be in front of the County Office in Paris commencing at the hour of 10 o'clock a.m.

L. B. Hunt
Assessor and Collector for Bear Lake Co.

[The delinquent tax listing was repeated in each issue through the end of the year.]

Dec. 10, 1881 - under "COMMUNICATED."

Interesting Missionary Letter.

Editor Democrat: Having a short time to spare I thought I would use it in writing a few lines. Since I wrote you last, my experience had been varied. I have been up and down in spirits and health, but at the present time I feel good in both. I received the DEMOCRAT the other day, bearing the date of Sept. 3rd, the last I have received; but the reason has been manifest in the fact that to get to our post office has been to "run the gauntlet" of infuriated men (?) armed with shot-guns, rifles, etc. So we chose to have our mail delayed a week or two rather than have our names artistically engraved on a beech tree, with a "cotton hoe" recording the fact that "here lies the body of a Mormon, killed because he had come to take away our place and nation, a warning to others of his kind."

Since I wrote you last, we have had a terrible time, we have been hunted from pillow to post, and our lives have only been preserved by the hand of our Heavenly Father, because it hath seemed Him good. Night after night we have had to seek shelter in the woods, the dew falling like rain. My partner, Bro. Beesley, of Provo, is down with the chills and feaver [sic]; and my old partner, Bro. Bateman, is with me again. When we returned to Spring Creek, where I told you, in my last, we had the trouble before, we found the mob greatly increased against us.

They had formed with a thoroughly organized band of 25 or 30, and were ready to receive us. That night (Saturday) we repaired to the woods, and our friends stood guard over us while we tried to sleep. But you can depend upon it we did not sleep much. Next day we repaired to the meeting house to hold meeting. We were met on the road by some of the sisters crying, begging us not to proceed as the house was full of men with guns, etc. We found that about a dozen desperate men had indeed assembled there to await our approach. We sent some of our friends to parley with them, and see what they wanted. They were very uncommunicative, and would not tell their business.

We kept very quiet all day, and at night hid away, but they were hunting about for us. On Mon-day, we held a council, and concluded for Bros. Bateman and Merrill to go to Shody and get counsel from our President, while Bro. Beesley and myself held the field. We accordingly proceeded to fill our appointments, and although we moved about very cautiously, they got on our track. One day we left a place, going about two miles, which was fortunate. That night they came to the house and while they were searching about under beds, etc., for us, the woman of the house snatched off one man's mask, when he drew a pistol, and placing it against her head pulled the trigger, the cap exploded, doing no other damage. This evidently proved the desperate resolve of the mob and the Almighty in her behalf. We still kept on preaching, and at night we would conceal our movement under cover of darkness, this eluding capture. We continued thus until we received a letter from our President saying, "Hold the Fort, and we will pray for you."

This gave us new life, and I knew that God was at the helm. We then spoke out boldly; but used great caution and wisdom, and so far God has answered the prayers of our brethren in our behalf, which is another proof to me of his goodness to his children who will do His will and prove faithful to the trust reposed in them.

About 10 days ago, President [B. H.] Roberts came down here to visit us, and he called at Spring Creek to see the Saints. He had not been there but a few hours when he had to fly to the woods, and remain there all night without anything, but a lot of wet leaves for a bed, and he has not been able to get his umbrella, etc., not daring to return. When he got here he found me at a place holding a meeting alone, have had to leave my partner about 6 miles away down with the chills. President Roberts having concluded he had better return home, assigned Bro. Bateman to travel with me again. I have had an attack of inflammatory rheumatism, but it has passed, and I am now all right I have not been past going, although it hurts me to walk much.

I have been here about a year, having left home on the 23rd Oct., 1881. I have labored in seven counties in this State; walked 980 miles; rode horseback 131 miles; held 130 meetings; baptized 11, and assisted at eight more, and organized one branch. I feel to rejoice that my Heavenly Father has, through His servants, counted me worthy to labor in His vineyard; and as the light--His glorious Gospel--came to me while sitting in "gross darkness," I feel a great pleasure in imparting to others the blessings I have received, and exhorting them to lay hold of the glorious promises made which God our Eternal Father has made to them that will love Him.

May God bless all that desire to serve Him, with His Holy Spirit, if my prayer at all times. Hoping the DEMOCRAT will prove a success and a blessing to the people, I remain, Your brother in the Gospel covenant,

ROBT. S. SPENCE.
Box 73, CLIFTON, Wayne County,
Tenn., Nov. 3rd, 1881
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Dec. 17, 1881 -p. 3 under "RANDOM JOTTINGS."

A FEW turkeys will be received on subscriptions at this office

OUR issue this week has been freshly supplied with a lot of new advertisements. Mind you read them, and take advantage of the times.

IF any person particularly wished to see a splendid specimen of Bear Lake pomology [fruit crop], they can do so by calling at this office. It is as fine an apple as we have seen for some time past. Its dimensions are 1 1/2 inches in circumference, and it weighs 2 drachms and 6 5/8 of a scruple. Don't miss the opportunity. Bring your friends with you.
- - - -

Mortuary Report of Bloomington. Following is the report of deaths that have occurred in Bloomington during the year 1881, up till the present:

Asthma 1
Debility 1
Diphtheria 15
Drowned 1
Fever, Long 2
Typhoid 2
Total 22

We are indebted to "gravedigger" for the foregoing statistics.

--The Bear Lake Democrat, Dec. 17, 1881.

Obituary.

We deeply regret to record the death in Bloomington of another victim of that malignant disease--diphtheria. Joseph William, son of Jacob and Mary Christiansen, died last Sunday night, the 11 inst., at 9 o'clock of diphtheria croup.

The little fellow bore his suffering with wonderful patience and fortitude, and his last words were those of prayer. We deeply sympathize with Brother and Sister Christiansen in their bereavement , and hope that the rest of their children will be spared to them. The disease is at present restricted to this family.

Dec. 17, 1881 - p. 3 under "Burglary and Robbery."

On Sunday evening, the 4th inst., a burglary and robbery was committed on the store of Wm. G. Kimball's of Paris.

It appears that on the night in question, Mrs. Kimball had left the store, and went to a meeting, locking up the place before she went. Mr. Kimball was at Evanston on business. While Mrs. Kimball was at the meeting a robbery was effected. It seems that they broke into the store by wedging an axe in the door and breaking the lock. They took about twelve pounds of candy, several boxes of matches, a half a box of cigars and five dollars in gold. There was about one dollar in silver, small change and some Paris Co-op scrip in the box from which the five dollar gold piece was taken, but this they left. They then ransacked the house turning over everything, using matches to light their way, which were thrown promiscuously about the floor as they went, the wonder being that the house was not set on fire in consequence.

Mr. Kimball says that he has no doubt but they went in search of liquor, and failing to find any carried off the articles already mentioned.

Same Dec. 17 and page three:

Postal Information.

The Post Office will be open for business from 9 to 12 and from 1 to 5 o'clock each day, Sundays excepted. The Office will be open, for delivery, on Sunday, one hour after the arrival of the mail from the south. PARIS W. Hoar, Postmaster.

[Medium sized ad -] WANTED 20 CORDS OF FIREWOOD At this office on subscription.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Dec. 24, 1881 - p. 2 under "COMMUNICATED."

"Growler" Soliloquizes."

A Bear Lake Winter is again upon us, and certain preparations are necessary to know how to pass the time until Spring. Yes, Spring! The Glorious time! When the blackbird, and the wild geese come; when the bottoms are covered with water, and the bull frog crooks his melancholy tunes, when the "Bear Lake" must wake up from his Winter's nap dolf his snow shoes, and his overcoat, (if he has one) and go to work. But stop! I'm getting ahead of my subject. This is Winter, and about the time for big mass meeting, when school houses can be built in a night (with wind), and tabernacles erected (with gas) in fifteen minute speech. Well, these meeting are useful anyway; they give the big guns a chance to shoot off (Their mouths) and lay the plans they have been cogitating on all Summer before an "ordinance," [two words illegible] The Paris 2^nd Warders, however, are a little ahead of the times this Fall. They've got the studding up for the addition of their school house, and it ain't Christmas yet. But then seeing it was commenced five years ago, and their lofty aspirations have fallen from a tabernacle to a fifteen foot addition to a log school-house, not doubt they have given the matter mature deliberation, and carefully come to the conclusion that they won't "go up" this Winter.

Well, Winter is here! A Bear Lake Winter! Just think of it, ye Arizonians! You who have to work, while we sit toasting our shins, and telling yarns. You who have to swelter in the broiling sun, shoveling sand for Old Bore to remove again, while we sit and admire the grandeur of a Bear Lake storm, from the window of our mud roofed dwelling. How pleasant [?] if we know our cows are in our neighbor's stockyard destroying his hay. And then to think of the long Winter before us, with nothing to break the monotony! We get up in the morning and feed out stock (they having got home from their midnight raid on our neighbors haystack), and occasionally we find a tine of our neighbor's pitchfork in a cow's hip, as a gentle reminder of the night's depredations.

After "chores" we wend our way to the Store, and when we reach these long steps and platform --which our Co-op institution, with magnificent liberality, has erected for special accommodation--where we can talk and whittle, and whittle and talk, until noon; and we find ourselves under the painful necessity of going home or losing our dinner. And we reason with ourselves, thusly: Oh, cruel fate! why should men have to eat dinner, and by doing so, be thus torn from his friends and fellow loafers? Cannot we invent some plan, where by, a repetition of this annoyance may be avoided in future? Yes, we have it! We'll have our dinner brought to us! But stop! If we do people will think us lazy, and we wouldn't have them think so, for all we are worth. Ye Sires! rather than such an insinuation should get abroad, we would work the ends off our fingers. Maybe we're going a little too far though.

Work is work, and we are not particularly fond of it. But then just think of it! to be taken for one of those loafers, that hand around the Store steps--"hoodlums!" Oh! the very thought of it makes us furious. From this time, henceforth, we'll reform. Oh how we wish it was Spring! we'd show them. And by this time we reach home, fully prepared to do justice to our dinner, and to cogitate more fully upon our primary resolves, but alas? The best laid schemes of mice and men, Gang aft glee.

And the first words that greet our ear on entering the house is, "John! there's no wood cut, and I haven't been able to cook dinner." Now we did firmly resolve to go to work in the spring, but this is a little too early. It comes too sudden. We weren't quite prepared for this reception, and it "frustrates" us, throws us all in a heap, as it were. Now, why hasn't some genius of a yankee invented a machine to cut wood by lightning, instead of a cross-cut saw? Just think of it, a noble specimen of humanity like me tugging and pushing a notched steel blade--or in other words, an instrument of torture cutting wood into short pieces to be burnt!

O man! hard is thy fate,
Why was an appetite created in thee?
To have to labor for thy daily bread,
And earn it by sweat
From off thy noble forehad.
But "Sich if life."

GROWLER.

Dec. 24, 1881 - p. 3 with no general heading.

Just Received. The Studebaker Branch House, Salt Lake City, has just received one car load of Bob Sleds and one of fancy Portland and swell side Cutters.
- - - -

Heavy Fog. For over a week, now, a very heavy fog has been hanging over Paris, and surrounding settle-ment, making it very disagreeable to pedestrians. Object at some times could not be discerned at the distance of a rod, while at other times it would not be se bad. We hope to see it clear away soon.
- - - -

Supplement to the "Democrat." As a New Year's gift to our subscribers, we intend, at a great cost, to present them with a beautiful Calendar for the year 1882. The size of it will be 26x20 inches, on beautiful paper, and neatly printed. It is a complete history of the Church, each day giving some important even connected with this Church, its persecution, etc., the births and deaths of prominent Elders, as also the dates of births of the present authorities, as well as considerable other data that will be of great value to the Saints.

It has been designed and arranged by James H. Wallis, Esq., of this establishment, and will, no doubt, be found interesting to all.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Dec. 31, 1881 - p. 2 editorial entitled "A City Charter."

An effort was made last winter by a few of our leading citizens, to create a public sentiment in favor of a city charter for Paris. The great public, however, did not take a favorable view of the question; and for that time at least it was effectively squelched. We thought then that the time would come when Parisians would take a different view of the matter, and be as much in favor of a municipal government as they then appeared to be averse to it. We do not know how long it will be before such a change in public feeling take place, put we are satisfied that the sentiments of some are already being modified.

We have in this place a dram shop with its concomitant evils and temptations that, were the general feeling of our citizens consulted, would not exist twenty-four hours. A good municipal ordinance in relations to such things would be handy just now. We often witness some furious driving along our streets, that is jeopardizing to pedestrians, especially women and children, besides being open to the objection of cruelty to animals. Another municipal regulation to cover such cases would also be handy.

The great objection to city government at the meeting we have referred to, was the expense that would be incurred. Well, there is such a thing as being too economical sometimes.

- - - - Same Dec. 31 issue and page two:

P. 2 -- "Estray Notice" and "List of Estray Stock."

Bloomington - one calf.
Stock District No. 3 for 8 cattle, 7 horses and 1 mule.
Stock District No. 2 for 19 cattle.
Plus an "Estray Notice" from the Joseph Phelps' Ranch for one bay two-year-old colt held there since Nov. 24.

p. 3 under "RANDOM JOTTINGS."

NEARLY every one of our exchanges has got something to say on the "Mormons." This is a good sign. The "Mormons" ought to be proud that they are thought enough of to be talked about. 

Return to Newspapers Index